Forensic Art Essentials (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Forensic Art Essentials: A Manual For Law Enforcement Artists 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Acknowledgments 8
Chapter 1: The Most Unique Art Discipline 10
Getting Relaxed 13
The Most Basic Rules of Composite Sketch Creation 19
Position the Witness and Artist to Maximize Privacy 20
The FBI Facial Identification Catalog 24
Other Visual Aids Facial Features 25
Getting Started-Materials and Supplies 30
References 43
Chapter 2: Drawing in Forensic Art 46
Light Source 47
Guidelines for Sketching Composites 47
Educational Activities Conducive to Forensic Art 77
Work Experiences Conducive to Forensic Art 80
Step-by-Step Drawing for a Real Case 83
Conclusion 89
References 89
Chapter 3: Pulling Faces from Witness Memory 91
Attitude is Everything 91
The Worst Still Works 101
The Artist's Handicap, or What the Witness Experienced 101
Focusing on Witness Needs 103
How long After the Crime Should the Sketch be Done? 125
References 129
Chapter 4: Special Refinements to the Interview 133
A Technique for the Desperate Interview 133
Another Effective Phrase 136
When the Witness is "Just Guessing" 137
When Witnesses Insist they Saw the Perpetrator Only in Profile 139
When Profiles are a Must 143
Praise the Detective Working the Case 144
Close your Eyes and Understand What the Witness Sees 146
Maximize Comfort for Non-English Speakers 147
Fear of Retaliation: Enemy to Witness Concentration 151
How to Know When You are Done 152
Evaluating the Sketch 153
Working with a Child Witness 156
Crying can Help 162
The Myth of the Disinterested Witness 164
Sketching with Multiple Witnesses 166
When the Witness is Under the Influence 171
Determining Deception 173
Final Comments Concerning the Interview 179
References 182
Chapter 5: Races, Expressions, Teeth, Women, Vehicles, Tattoos, and Jewelry 187
Drawing Racial Differences 187
Sketching Facial Types in Your Area 193
Expression 196
Sketching Female Suspects 206
Vehicles Used in the Commission of Crime 211
Tattoos Made Fast and Easy 213
Scars and Other Anomalies 216
Jewelry 217
References 219
Chapter 6: Age Progression and Postmortem: Portraits of Unidentified Homicide Complainants 222
The Shapes and Positions of the Facial Orifices 222
Adult Wrinkles and Placement are Present on a Child's Face 223
Visual Aids for the Successful Age-Progression Drawing 226
How to become Proficient at Age Progression 226
Age Progression of Children: Facial Bone Growth 231
Coping with the Drastic Changes 233
The Eye Opening 240
Changing Dentition from Child to Adult 243
How to become Proficient at Child Age Progression 245
Postmortem Portraits 246
Victims Found Soon After Death 246
References 260
Chapter 7: Facial Reconstruction from Skeletal Remains 261
Gerasimov 261
Preference for the Drawing Method 264
Getting Started 266
Mechanics of the Drawing Method 275
Case Study: Two-Dimensional or Drawing Method 283
Feature Placement 285
Tissue-Depth Demarcation 312
Child Facial Reconstruction 331
References 337
Chapter 8: Three-Dimensional Facial Reconstruction of Skeletal Remains 339
The Anatomical or Manchester Method 340
Constructing a Working Copy of the Skull 350
Gloria Nusse: An Introduction to Mold Making of a Skull for Purposes of Reconstructing the Face in Three Dimensions 351
The American Method of Three-Dimensional Facial Recostruction 365
Meaningful Practice 380
A Case Study: The Castro Valley Jane Doe 382
References 396
Chapter 9: Implementations and Conclusions 397
Forensic Art: Untapped Potential 398
Reasons for the Scarcity of Forensic Art 399
Basic Human Nature is the Enemy 399
Tools to Propel the Profession 400
The Not-So-Extra Extra Job 401
Hints for Quantifying Results 402
The Forensic Artist in Court 405
Understanding the Nuances 409
Directing Your Answers 409
Real Court Scenario 410
References 416
Index 418
Color Plates 432