First Responder's Guide to Abnormal Psychology (eBook)

William I. Dorfman, Ph.D., ABPP is Professor of Psychology and Associate Director of Clinical Training in the Center for Psychological Studies, Nova Southeastern University.  He was formerly the Executive Director of Nova Southeastern University’s Community Mental Health Center and Chief Psychologist of its APA-approved Internship in Clinical Psychology.  Prior to coming to the Center for Psychological Studies, Dr. Dorfman was Executive Director of the Rockbridge Area Community Mental Health Center in Lexington, Virginia where he also taught at Washington and Lee University and the Virginia Military Institute.  From 1972-1977, while serving in the U.S. Army Medical Service Corps, he was Director of Training of an APA-approved community-clinical internship at Fort Ord, California. Dr. Dorfman who attained the rank of Major before leaving reserve duty consulted with several military organizations including the Military Police and post hospital installations.  Dr. Dorfman received his Bachelor of Science degree, Magna Cum Laude, from the University of Scranton and his Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy degrees in Psychology from the Ohio State University.  He is a licensed psychologist in Florida, a member of the National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology and is Board Certified in Clinical Psychology by the American Board of Professional Psychology. Dr. Dorfman is active in the education and training of professional psychologists and has published his work in professional journals and books and presented at scientific meetings in the areas of assessment of personality, treatment of the seriously mentally ill and their families, psychopathology, clinical interviewing and the evaluation of trainees’ attitudes toward managed health care systems and brief therapy.  He has served as a consultant to Broward County Florida’ Sheriff’s Department in training detectives on interviewing mentally disturbed subjects and serves as a consultant to the county Crisis Intervention Team. Dr. Dorfman has made numerous radio and television appearances, including the Oprah Winfrey Show, and "360" with Anderson Cooper discussing mental health issues.  Dr. Lenore E. Walker is a clinical and forensic psychologist who currently is a full time professor of psychology at Nova Southeastern University at their Center for Psychological Studies where she coordinates the forensic psychology concentration with the doctoral students.  She has been in the independent practice of psychology for over 30 years and currently practices forensic psychology on a part-time basis. She pioneered the use of BWS in courts of law, first helping juries understand how a battered woman could fail to leave a battering relationship and then, provided testimony on why a battered woman might be justified in killing her abuser in self-defense. She frequently testifies on the emotional impact of interpersonal violence (physical, sexual, and/or psychological abuse) on victims. Walker received her Ed.D. degree in psychology from Rutgers, The State University in New Jersey in 1972, her MS in psychology from CCNY and AB from Hunter College, both of the City University of New York. She recently earned a MS in Clinical Psychopharmacology from NSU. She has authored 10 books and over 50 professional articles on the topics of trauma from interpersonal violence and gender issues, especially multicultural, feminist and survivor therapy systems. She is invited by governments and organizations around the world to speak on the topic of domestic violence, and frequently presents workshops on the topic.

Table of Contents 6
Introduction 7
The Role and Importance of First Responders in Dealing with Psychologically Disordered Individuals 9
WHO ARE FIRST RESPONDERS? 9
WHAT KINDS OF PEOPLE WILL FIRST RESPONDERS DEAL WITH? 10
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, THE MILITARY AND THE MENTALLY ILL 15
SUGGESTED READINGS 18
Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior: A Continuum 20
SUGGESTED READINGS 24
Key Mental Health Issues in the Criminal Justice and Emergency Medical Systems 26
INTRODUCTION 26
DIAGNOSTIC CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS 27
MAJOR DIAGNOSTIC CATEGORIES 29
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT 33
SUGGESTED READINGS 49
Disorders of the Brain and Central Nervous System 50
NERVE CELL 51
BRAIN 53
NEUROTRANSMITTERS 56
DISEASES OF THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM 58
INTERACTION OF PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ETIOLOGY 60
SUGGESTED READINGS 61
The Psychotic Disorders 62
SCHIZOPHRENIA 62
CLINICAL PICTURE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA 63
OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS 73
SUGGESTED READINGS 76
The Mood Disorders 77
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER 78
DYSTHYMIC DISORDER 79
BIPOLAR DISORDERS 80
ETIOLOGY OF MOOD DISORDERS 81
TREATMENT OF MOOD DISORDERS 84
MOOD DISORDERS AND CHILDREN 87
SUICIDE 88
SUGGESTED READINGS 90
The Anxiety, Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders 92
ANXIETY DISORDERS 92
SOMATOFORM DISORDERS 105
DISSOCIATIVE DISORDERS 109
SUGGESTED READINGS 111
The Personality Disorders 113
FROM PERSONALITY TRAIT TO PERSONALITY DISORDER 114
THE ODD CLUSTER 116
THE ANXIOUS CLUSTER 120
THE DRAMATIC CLUSTER 125
SUGGESTED READINGS 133
The Substance Use Disorders 135
DIMENSIONS OF SUBSTANCE USE 135
DEPRESSANTS 136
STIMULANTS 138
OPIOIDS 140
HALLUCINOGENS 141
OTHER ABUSED DRUGS 143
THE ETIOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE 146
TREATMENT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE 150
SUGGESTED READINGS 152
Crisis, Terrorism and Trauma- Based Disorders 153
CRISIS 158
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO CRISIS AND TRAUMA 159
THE HAZARDS OF HELPING: EMOTIONAL TRAUMA AND TREATMENT INTERVENTIONS FOR FIRST RESPONDERS 163
CRITICAL INCIDENT STRESS MANAGEMENT ( CISM) 166
CHRONIC vs. ACUTE STRESS 170
SUGGESTED READINGS 171
Therapeutic Justice 172
DOES REHABILITATION WORK? 174
DRUG COURTS 175
MENTAL HEALTH COURTS 178
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE COURTS 179
INVOLUNTARY CIVIL COMMITMENT 181
INVOLUNTARY SEX PREDATOR CIVIL COMMITMENT 183
INSANITY DEFENSES 185
SUGGESTED READINGS 188
Mental Disorders in Youth 190
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 192
TOXIC SUBSTANCES 193
TOURETTE SYNDROME 195
PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER (PDD) AND AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 196
ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDERS 198
MENTAL DISORDERS IN CHILDREN 201
CHILD ABUSE AND PTSD 201
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 205
RAPE 206
OPPOSITIONAL AND CONDUCT DISORDERS 206
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY, STATUS CRIMES AND MENTAL DISORDERS 212
SUGGESTED READINGS 220
Index 222