Hands-On Science and Technology for Ontario, Grade 5

Jennifer E. Lawson, PhD, is the creator of the Hands-On books published by Portage & Main Press. As senior writer and editor for the series, she has contributed to more than 50 publications for teachers and students. Jennifer provides professional development workshops for educators locally, nationally, and virtually, and is a Workplace Wellness Advisor. Her most recent book is a collective effort called Teacher, Take Care: A Guide to Well-Being and Workplace Wellness for Educators. She is also one of the founders of Mission to Mexico, an organization that supports schools in some of the most impoverished communities in Puerto Vallarta. Throughout her extensive career in education, Jennifer has worked as a classroom teacher, resource and special education teacher, consultant, principal, university instructor, and school trustee. She lives with her family in Winnipeg, Manitoba. For over 20 years, Kellie Ierullo (she, her, hers) has been an educator with the Toronto District School Board including as a classroom teacher, special education teacher, and now as a teacher-librarian, technology chair and science/STEM lead educator. Kellie is passionate about helping teachers engage students through meaningful coding and STEM activities and encouraging students to move beyond navigating technology to creating it for themselves. Kellie lives in Woodbridge, Ontario with her family. Jennifer H. Manitowabi (she/her/hers) is an Ojibway educator and PhD student at Lakehead University. Throughout her career in education in both Canada and the US, she has worked as a bus driver, classroom teacher, principal, and education director. Jennifer encourages all teachers to incorporate Indigenous worldviews into their lessons and find opportunities to build relationships with the First Nations of Turtle Island. Jennifer is a member of Lac Seul First Nation, where she currently resides, and can often be found creating artwork that celebrates her culture.

Introduction to Hands-On Science and Technology for Ontario, Grade 5 1



Introduction to Hands-On Science and Technology 2
Program Introduction 2
The Inquiry Approach to Science and Technology 2
21st Century Teaching and Learning 3
The Goals of the Science and Technology Program 3
Hands-On Science and Technology Strands and Expectations 4
Hands-On Science and Technology Fundamental Concepts and Big Ideas 4
Hands-On Science and Technology Program Principles 5
Infusing Indigenous Perspectives 5
Cultural Connections 7
Land-Based Learning 7
Technology 7
Sustainability 7
Program Implementation 8
Program Resources 8
Classroom Environment 11
Planning Units—Timelines 12
Classroom Management 12
Classroom Safety 12
Scientific Inquiry Skills: Guidelines for Teachers 12
Observing 12
Questioning 13
Exploring 13
Classifying 13
Measuring 14
Communicating, Analyzing, and Interpreting 14
Predicting 16
Inferring 16
Inquiry Through Investigation and Experiments 16
Inquiry Through Research 17
Online Considerations 18
Addressing Students’ Literacy Needs 18
Technological Problem Solving 18
Makerspace 19

The Hands-On Science and Technology Assessment Plan 21



Assessment for Learning 22
Assessment as Learning 22
Assessment of Learning 23
Performance Assessment 24
Portfolios 24
Evidence of Student Achievement Levels for Evaluation 25
Important Note to Teachers 25
References 26
Assessment Reproducibles 27
Achievement Chart for Science & Technology 42

Unit 1: Human Organ Systems 45



Introduction 46
Unit Overview 50
Curriculum Correlation 51
Resources for Students 52
1 What Do We Know About Keeping Our Bodies Healthy? 56
2 Why Does What We Eat Matter? 61
3 What Happens to Food After We Eat It? 71
4 Why Is Water Important for a Healthy Body? 77.
5 How Can We Design and Construct a Model of the Digestive System? 81
6 Why Is Healthy Blood Red? 85
7 How Does Exercise Affect Your Heart and Lungs? 92
8 How Do Healthy Joints, Bones, and Muscles Help You Move? 100
9 How Does the Brain Send Messages to the Rest of the Body? 107
10 How Does Skin Protect Our Bodies? 113
11 How Do Our Bodies Fight Illness and Injury? 118
12 How Do I Keep My Body Healthy? 126
13 Inquiry Project: What More Do I Want to Know About Keeping My Body Healthy? 129

Unit 2: Forces Acting on Structures and Mechanisms 133



Introduction 134
Unit Overview 138
Curriculum Correlation 139
Resources for Students 140
1 What Do We Know About Forces and Structures? 143
2 How Do Bridges Withstand Forces? 148
3 What Can We Learn About Forces and Machines? 154
4 How Does a Lever Make Work Easier? 158
5 How Does an Inclined Plane Make Work Easier? 167
6 How Does a Screw Make Work Easier? 171
7 How Does a Wedge Make Work Easier? 174
8 How Do Forces of Nature Affect the Environment? 178
9 How Can We Protect Ourselves From Forces in Our Environment? 184
10 Inquiry Project: How Can We Design a Structure to Withstand Forces in the Environment? 188

Unit 3: Properties of and Changes in Matter 191



Introduction 192
Unit Overview 195
Curriculum Correlation 196
Resources for Students 197
1 What Do We Know About the Properties of Matter? 200
2 What Are Some Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases? 205
3 How Do Substances Interact With Water? 212
4 How Do Substances Interact to Produce Gases? 217
5 How Can We Measure and Compare the Mass of Objects? 221
6 How Does Water Behave as it Melts, Freezes, Evaporates, or Condenses? 227
7 What Is a Physical Change? 233
8 How Can We Identify a Chemical Change? 237
9 How Does Food Preparation Depend on Physical and Chemical Changes? 242
10 How Can We Practise Safety With Household Chemicals? 248
11 What Is the Life Cycle of a Manufactured Product? 252
12 Inquiry Project: How Can We Create and Evaluate Household Products? 256

Unit 4: Conservation of Energy and Resources 261



Introduction 262
Unit Overview 266
Curriculum Correlation 267
Resources for Students 268
1 What Do We Know About Energy? 271
2 What Can We Learn About Different Forms of Energy? 277
3 How Is Energy Transformed? 282
4 What Are Fossil Fuels? 286
5 What Are Renewable Energy Resources? 291
6 What Is Solar Power? 297
7 What Is Water Power? 300
8 How Do Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources Compare? 304
9 How Can We Conserve Energy? 307
10 Why Is It Important to Recycle? 314
11 Inquiry Project: What More Do I Want to Know About Energy? 319
References 322

Appendix: Image Banks 323

About the Contributors 335