Arabic

Faruk Abu-Chacra is Senior Lecturer Emeritus in Arabic at the University of Helsinki, Finland.

Chapter 1: The Arabic Script,transliteration, alphabet Chapter 2: Pronunciation of consonants Chapter 3: Punctuation, handwriting Chapter 4: Vowels Chapter 5: Saddah, noun cases, nunation as the indefinite form Chapter 6: Long vowels Chapter 7: Hamzah, the Maddah sign Chapter 8: Definite articles Chapter 9: Sun and Moon letters Chapter 10: Gender Chapter 11:Conjunctions, prepositions, the particle Chapter 12: The Idafah construction Chapter 13: number, dual, plural Chapter 14: Perfect tense verbs, roots and radicals Chapter 15: Separate personal pronouns, suffix pronouns Chapter 16: Demonstrative pronouns Chapter 17: Imperfect tense verbs Chapter 18: Derived verb forms Chapter 19: Passive verbs Chapter 20: Rules for writing the Hamsah Chapter 21: Broken plurals, collective nouns Chapter 22: diptotes and triptotes Chapter 23: Participles, verbal nouns Chapter 24: Interrogative particles and pronouns, vocative particles Chapter 25: Adjectival patterns Chapter 26: Inna and its sisters, Kana and its sisters Chapter 27: Relative pronouns, relative clauses Chapter 28: Moods Chapter 29: Doubled verbs Chpater 30: Verbs with Hamzah Chapter 31: Verbs with the weak initial radical Chapter 32: Verbs with the weak middle radical Chapter 33: Verbs with the weak final radical Chapter 34: Cardinal numbers Chapter 35: Ordinal numbers Chapter 36: Exceptions Chapter 37: Verbs of wonder Chapter 38: Adverbs and adverbials Chapter 38: Adverbs and adverbials Chapter 39: Conditional sentences Appendices Paradigms