Advances in Research and Applications (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Solid State Physics, Volume 47 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 6
Contributors to Volume 47 8
Foreword 10
Preface I 14
Preface II 16
Chapter 1. Homogeneous Nucleation and the Temperature Dependence of the Crystal-Melt-Interfacial Tension 18
I. Introduction 18
II. The Equilibrium Interface 22
III. The Interface in an Undercooled Melt 25
IV. Application to the Analysis of Homogeneous Nucleation Experiments 37
V. Conclusions 44
Acknowledgments 45
Appendix A: Calculation of the Interfacial Tension as an Excess Quantity for a Curved Interface 45
Appendix B: Calculation of the Interfacial Tension for a General Spatial Variation of the Free Energy 47
Chapter 2. Cluster Approach to Order-Disorder Transformations in Alloys 50
I. Introduction 50
II. Statement of Problem 55
III. Cluster Expansions 60
IV. Ground State Analysis 81
V. Configurational Free Energy 96
VI. ECI Calculations 125
VII. Selected Applications 147
VIII. Conclusions 191
Acknowledgments 193
Chapter 3. The Physics and Mechanics of Brittle Matrix Composites 194
I. Introduction 198
II. Interfaces 209
III. Residual Stresses 220
IV. Fiber Properties 224
V. Matrix Cracking in Unidirectional Materials 235
VI. Matrix Cracking in 2-D Materials 253
VII. Stress Redistribution 264
VIII. Fatigue 272
IX. Creep 291
X. Conclusions 302
Chapter 4. Defects at Surfaces and Interfaces 304
I. Introduction 305
II. Crystallographic Tools and Methodology 310
III. Defects in Single Crystals 332
IV. Surface Discontinuities 338
V. Interfacial Discontinuities 347
VI. Interfaces Modeled as Dislocation Arrays 367
Acknowledgments 382
Chapter 5. Giant Magnetoresistance in Magnetic Layered and Granular Materials 384
I. Introduction 384
II. Survey of Experimental Data 392
III. Theoretical Formulations of Transport 408
IV. Sources of Magnetoresistance 414
V. Quantum Theory of Magnetoresistance 421
VI. Discussion of Results 466
VII. Future Directions 475
Acknowledgments 479
Author Index 480
Subject Index 494
Cumulative Author Index 504