A Dictionary of Neurological Signs (eBook)
XVI, 381 Seiten
Springer New York (Verlag)
978-1-4419-7095-4 (ISBN)
Andrew J. Larner, MD practices at the Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Lower Lane, Fazakerley, Liverpool, United Kingdom
The first two editions of the Dictionary of Neurological Signs were very well-received by readers and reviewers alike. Like those editions, this Third Edition, updated and expanded, can be almost as well described in terms of what the book is not, along with details about what it is. The Dictionary is not a handbook for treatment of neurological disorders. While many entries provide the latest treatment options, up-to-the-minute therapies are not discussed in bedside level detail. The Dictionary is not a board review book because it is not in Q&A format but could easily serve in that capacity since each entry is a fairly complete snapshot of a specific disorder or disease. The Dictionary is an alphabetical listing of commonly presenting neurological signs designed to guide the physician toward the correct clinical diagnosis. The Dictionary is focused, problem-based, concise and practical. The structured entries in this practical, clinical resource provide a thumbnail of a wide range of neurological signs. Each entry includes: A definition of the sign A brief account of the clinical technique required to elicit the sign A description of the other signs which may accompany the index sign An explanation of pathyophysiological and/or pharmacological background Differential diagnosis Brief treatment detailsWhere known, these entries also include the neuroanatomical basis of the sign. The Dictionary of Neurological Signs, Third Edition, is an indispensable reference for all students, trainees, and clinicians who care for patients with neurological disorders.
Andrew J. Larner, MD practices at the Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Lower Lane, Fazakerley, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Foreword to the First Edition 7
Preface to Third Edition 8
Acknowledgements 9
Contents 10
A 12
Abadies Sign 12
Abdominal Paradox 12
Abdominal Reflexes 12
Abducens (VI) Nerve Palsy 13
Abductor Sign 13
Absence 13
Abulia 14
Acalculia 15
Accommodation Reflex 16
Achilles Reflex 16
Achromatopsia 16
Acousticopalpebral Reflex 17
Action Dystonia 17
Action Myoclonus 17
Adiadochokinesia 18
Adies Syndrome, Adies Tonic Pupil 18
Adsons Test 18
Adventitious Movements 18
Affective Agnosia 18
Afferent Pupillary Defect (APD) 18
Age-Related Signs 18
Ageusia 19
Agnosia 20
Agrammatism 21
Agraphaesthesia 22
Agraphia 22
Agraphognosia 23
Agrypnia 23
Akathisia 23
Akinesia 24
Akinetic Mutism 25
Akinetic-Rigid Syndrome 26
Akinetopsia 26
Alalia 26
Alexia 26
Alexithymia 28
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome 29
Alien Grasp Reflex 29
Alien Hand, Alien Limb 30
Alienation Du Mot 31
Alloacousia 31
Alloaesthesia 31
Allochiria 32
Allodynia 32
Allographia 33
Allokinesia, Allokinesis 33
Alternate Cover Test 33
Alternating Fist Closure Test 33
Alternating Sequences Test 33
Altitudinal Field Defect 33
Amaurosis 34
Amblyopia 34
Amimia 35
Amnesia 35
Amphigory 37
Amusia 37
Amyotrophy 38
Anaesthesia 38
Analgesia 38
Anal Reflex 39
Anarchic Hand 39
Anarithmetia 39
Anarthria 39
Angioscotoma 40
Angor Animi 40
Anhidrosis 40
Anismus 40
Anisocoria 41
Annular Scotoma 41
Anomia 42
Anosmia 42
Anosodiaphoria 43
Anosognosia 43
Anserina 44
Antecollis 44
Anteflexion 44
Antons Syndrome 45
Anwesenheit 45
Apallic Syndrome 45
Apathy 45
Aphasia 46
Aphemia 48
Aphonia 48
Applause Sign 49
Aposiopesis 49
Apraxia 49
Aprosexia 51
Aprosodia, Aprosody 51
Arc de Cercle 51
Arcuate Scotoma 52
Areflexia 52
Argyll Robertson Pupil (ARP) 52
Arm Drop 53
Around The Clock Paralysis 54
Arthrogryposis 54
Asemasia 54
Asomatognosia 54
Astasia 54
AstasiaAbasia 55
Astereognosis 55
Asterixis 55
Asthenopia 56
Asynergia 56
Ataxia 56
Ataxic Hemiparesis 58
Ataxic Nystagmus 59
Athetosis 59
Athymhormia 59
Atrophy 60
Attended Alone Sign 60
Attention 60
Auditory Agnosia 61
AuditoryVisual Synaesthesia 61
Augmentation 61
Aura 62
Automatic Obedience 63
Automatic Writing Behaviour 63
Automatism 63
Autophony 64
Autoscopy 64
Autotopagnosia 65
B 66
Babinskis Sign (1) 66
Babinskis Sign (2) 67
Babinskis TrunkThigh Test 67
Bag of Worms 67
Balaclava Helmet 67
Balints Syndrome 67
Ballism, Ballismus 68
Bathing Suit Sensory Loss 69
Battles Sign 69
Beevors Sign 69
Belle Indiffrence 69
Bells Palsy 70
Bells Phenomenon, Bells Sign 70
Benediction Hand 70
Bent Spine Syndrome 71
Bielschowskys Sign, Bielschowskys Test 71
Binasal Hemianopia 71
Bitemporal Hemianopia 71
Blepharoptosis 72
Blepharospasm 72
Blindsight 72
Blind Spot 73
Blinking 73
Blink Reflex 73
Body Part as Object 74
Bon-Bon Sign 75
Bouche de Tapir 75
Bovine Cough 75
Bradykinesia 75
Bradylalia 76
Bradyphrenia 76
Bragards Test 76
Brocas Aphasia 76
Brown-Squard Syndrome 77
Brudzinskis (Neck) Sign 78
Brueghels Syndrome 78
Bruit 78
Brushfield Spots 79
Bruxism 79
Buccofacial Dyspraxia 79
Buccolingual Syndrome 79
Bulbar Palsy 79
Bulbocavernosus Reflex 80
Buphthalmos 80
Butt-First Manoeuvre 80
C 81
Cacogeusia 81
Cacosmia 81
Calf Head Sign 81
Calf Hypertrophy 81
Caloric Testing 82
Camptocormia 82
Camptodactyly 83
Capgras Syndrome 83
Carphologia 84
Carpopedal Spasm 84
Catalepsy 84
Cataplexy 84
Catathrenia 85
Catatonia 85
Cauda Equina Syndrome 86
Central Scotoma, Centrocaecal Scotoma 87
Cerebellar Syndromes 88
Chaddocks Sign 88
Charcot Joint 88
Charles Bonnet Syndrome 89
Chasm 90
Cheiro-Oral Syndrome 90
Cherry Red Spot at the Macula 90
CheyneStokes Breathing 90
Chicken Wings 90
Chorea, Choreoathetosis 90
Chromaesthesia 93
Chronognosia 93
Chvosteks Sign 93
Ciliospinal Response 94
Cinematic Vision 94
Circumlocution 94
Clapping Test 94
Clasp-Knife Phenomenon 94
Claudication 94
Claw Foot 95
Claw Hand 95
Clonus 95
Closed Fist Sign 96
Closing-In Sign 96
Cluster Breathing 96
Coactivation Sign 96
Cock Walking 97
Cogans (Lid Twitch) Sign 97
Cogwheeling, Cogwheel Phenomenon, Cogwheel Rigidity 97
Cold Hands Sign 97
Collapsing Weakness 97
Colliers Sign 98
Colour Anomia 98
Coma 98
Compulsive Grasping Hand 99
Conduction Aphasia 100
Conduit dapproche 100
Confabulation 101
Confusion 101
Congenital Nystagmus 101
Consensual Light Reflex 102
Constructional Apraxia 102
Contracture 102
ConvergenceRetraction Nystagmus 103
Coprolalia 103
Copropraxia 103
Corectopia 103
Corneal Reflex 103
Corneomandibular Reflex 104
Corneopterygoid Reflex 104
Cortical Blindness 104
Cotards Syndrome 105
Coup de Poignard 105
Coup de Sabre 105
Cover Tests 106
Cramp 106
Cremasteric Reflex 107
Crocodile Tears 107
Crossed Adductor Reflex 107
Crossed Aphasia 108
Crossed Apraxia 108
Crossed Straight Leg Raising 108
Cross over 108
Crying 108
Cuirasse 108
Cushing Reflex, Cushing Response 108
Czarneckis Sign 109
D 110
Dalrymples Sign 110
Dazzle 110
Decerebrate Rigidity 110
De Clrambault Syndrome 110
Decomposition of Movement 110
Decorticate Rigidity 111
Deja Entendu 111
Deja Vecu 111
Deja Vu 111
Delirium 111
Delusion 113
Dementia 114
De Mussets Sign 116
Depersonalization 116
Derealization 116
Developmental Signs 116
Diagonistic Dyspraxia 116
Diamond on Quadriceps Sign 116
Diaphoresis 117
Diaphragm Weakness 117
Digital Reflex 117
Diplophonia 117
Diplopia 117
Directional Hypokinesia 119
Disc Swelling 119
Disinhibition 120
Dissociated Sensory Loss 120
Dissociation 120
Divisional Palsy 121
DixHallpike Positioning Test 121
Dolls Eye Manoeuvre, Dolls Head Manoeuvre 121
Dorsal Guttering 122
Double Elevator Palsy 122
Downbeat Nystagmus 122
Dressing Apraxia 122
Drooling 122
Dropped Head Syndrome 122
Drusen 123
Dynamic Aphasia 124
Dysaesthesia 124
Dysarthria 124
Dyscalculia 126
Dyschromatopsia 126
Dysdiadochokinesia 126
Dysexecutive Syndrome 126
Dysgeusia 127
Dysgraphaesthesia 127
Dysgraphia 127
Dyskinesia 127
Dyslexia 128
Dysmentia 128
Dysmetria 128
Dysmorphopsia 129
Dysnomia 129
Dysphagia 129
Dysphasia 131
Dysphonia 131
Dyspraxia 131
Dysprosody 132
Dyssynergia 132
Dystaxia 132
Dystonia 132
E 134
Ear Click 134
Eastchester Clapping Sign 134
Echolalia 134
Echophenomena 135
Echopraxia 135
criture en Double Miroir 135
Ectropion 135
Eidetic Memory 135
Eight-and-a-Half Syndrome 135
Ekboms Syndrome 136
Emotionalism, Emotional Lability 136
Emposthotonos 137
Encephalopathy 137
En Garde Position 137
Enophthalmos 137
Entomopia 138
Environmental Dependency Syndrome 138
Environmental Tilt 138
Epiphora 138
Epley Manoeuvre 139
Erythropsia 139
Esophoria 139
Esotropia 139
Eutonia 139
Ewart Phenomenon 139
Exophoria 140
Exophthalmos 140
Exosomaesthesia 140
Exotropia 140
Extensor Posturing 140
External Malleolar Sign 140
External Ophthalmoplegia 140
Extinction 140
Extrapyramidal Signs 141
Eyelid Apraxia 141
F 143
FaceHand Test 143
Facial Paresis, Facial Weakness 143
Facilitation 145
False-Localizing Signs 145
Fan Sign (Signe de lventail) 146
Fasciculation 146
Fast Micrographia 147
Fatigue 148
Femoral Stretch Test 149
Fencers Posture, Fencing Posture 149
Festinant Gait, Festination 149
Fibrillation 149
Finger Agnosia 150
Finger Chase Test 150
Finger Drop 150
FingerFloor Distance 150
Finger-to-Nose Test 150
Fishers Sign 151
Fist-Edge-Palm Test 151
Flaccidity 151
Flail Arm 151
Flail Foot 152
Flap, Flapping Tremor 152
Flexibilitas Cerea (Waxy Flexibility) 152
FlexionAdduction Sign 152
Flexor Posturing 152
Flick Sign 152
Floccillation 152
Flycatcher Tongue 152
Flynn Phenomenon 153
Foot Drop 153
Foot Grasping 153
Forced Ductions 154
Forced Grasping 154
Forced Groping 154
Forced Laughter and Crying 154
Forced Upgaze 154
Forearm and Finger Rolling 154
Foreign Accent Syndrome 155
Formication 155
Fortification Spectra 155
Foster Kennedy Syndrome 155
Fou Rire Prodromique 156
Freezing 156
Fregoli Syndrome 156
Freys Syndrome 157
Froments Sign 157
Frontal Ataxia 157
Frontal Lobe Syndromes 157
Frontal Release Signs 159
Fugue 160
Functional Weakness and Sensory Disturbance 160
Funnel Vision 161
G 162
Gag Reflex 162
Gait Apraxia 162
Gambling 163
Ganglionopathy 163
Ganser Phenomenon, Ganser Syndrome 163
Gaping 164
Gaze-Evoked Phenomena 164
Gaze Palsy 164
Gegenhalten 165
Geophagia, Geophagy 165
Gerstmann Syndrome 165
Geste Antagoniste 166
Gibbus 166
Girdle Sensation 166
Give-Way Weakness 167
Glabellar Tap Reflex 167
Glossolalia 167
Glove and Stocking Sensory Loss 167
Goosebumps 168
Gordons Sign 168
Gowers Manoeuvre, Gowers Sign 168
Graefes Sign 168
Grandchild Sign 168
Graphaesthesia 168
Graphanaesthesia 169
Graphospasm 169
Grasp Reflex 169
Groucho Marx Manoeuvre 169
Gustatory Epiphora 170
Gustatory Sweating 170
Guttmanns Sign 170
Gynaecomastia 170
H 171
Habit Spasm 171
Hallpike Manoeuvre, Hallpike Test 171
Hallucination 171
Hammer Toes 173
Hand Elevation Test 173
Harlequin Sign, Harlequin Syndrome 173
Harveys Sign 173
Hawthorne Effect 174
Head Droop, Head Drop 174
Head Impulse Test 174
Head Thrust 175
Head Tilt 175
Head Tremor 175
Head Turning Sign 175
Heautoscopy 176
HeelKneeShin Test, HeelShin Test 176
HeelToe Walking 176
Hemeralopia 176
Hemiachromatopsia 177
Hemiakinesia 177
Hemialexia 177
Hemianomia 177
Hemianopia 177
Hemiataxia 178
Hemiballismus 179
Hemichorea 180
Hemidystonia 180
Hemifacial Atrophy 180
Hemifacial Spasm 180
Hemi-Inattention 181
Hemimicropsia 181
Hemineglect 181
Hemiparesis 181
Hemiparkinsonism 182
Hemiplegia 182
Hemiplegia Cruciata 182
Henneberts Sign 182
Henry and Woodruff Sign 182
HertwigMagendie Sign 183
Heterochromia Iridis 183
Heterophoria 183
Heterotropia 183
Hiccups 184
High-Stepping Gait 184
Hip Abduction Sign 184
Hippus 185
Hitselberg Sign 185
Hocquet Diabolique 185
Hoffmanns Sign 185
HoffmannTinel Sign 185
HolmesAdie Pupil, HolmesAdie Syndrome 185
Holmes Tremor 186
Hoovers Sign 186
Horners Syndrome 187
HoytSpencer Sign 188
Hung-Up Reflexes 188
Hutchinsons Pupil 188
Hyperacusis 188
Hyperaesthesia 189
Hyperalgesia 189
Hyperekplexia 189
Hypergraphia 190
Hyperhidrosis 190
Hyperkinesia 191
Hyperlexia 191
Hypermetamorphosis 191
Hypermetria 191
Hypermnesia 191
Hyperorality 191
Hyperpathia 191
Hyperphagia 192
Hyperphoria 192
Hyperpilaphesie 192
Hyperpronation 192
Hyperreflexia 192
Hyperreligiosity 193
Hypersexuality 193
Hypersomnolence 193
Hyperthermia 194
Hypertonia, Hypertonus 195
Hypertrophy 195
Hypertropia 195
Hypoaesthesia 195
Hypoalgesia 195
Hypogeusia 195
Hypohidrosis 195
Hypokinesia 196
Hypometria 196
Hypomimia 196
Hypophonia 196
Hypophoria 196
Hyporeflexia 197
Hyposexuality 197
Hypothermia 197
Hypotonia, Hypotonus 198
Hypotropia 198
I 199
Ice Pack Test 199
Ideational Apraxia 199
Ideomotor Apraxia (IMA) 199
Illusion 199
Illusory Visual Spread 200
Imitation Behaviour 200
Imitation Synkinesis 200
Impersistence 200
Inattention 201
Incontinence 201
Intention Myoclonus 202
Intermanual Conflict 202
Intermetamorphosis 202
Internal Ophthalmoplegia 202
Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia (INO) 203
Intrusion 203
Inverse Marcus Gunn Phenomenon 204
Inverse Uhthoff Sign 204
Inverted Reflexes 204
Ipsipulsion 204
Iridoplegia 204
J 205
Jacksonian March 205
Jactitation 205
Jamais Entendu 205
Jamais Vcu 205
Jamais Vu 205
Jargon Aphasia 206
Jaw Jerk 206
Jaw Winking 206
Jendrassiks Manoeuvre 207
Jitteriness 207
Joint Position Sense 207
Jugular Foramen Syndrome 207
Junctional Scotoma, Junctional Scotoma of Traquair 208
K 209
KayserFleischer Rings 209
Kernigs Sign 209
Kernohans Notch Syndrome 209
Kinesis Paradoxica 210
Klazomania 210
Kleptomania 210
KlverBucy Syndrome 210
Knee Tremor 211
Krber Salus Elschnig Syndrome 212
Kyphoscoliosis 212
L 213
Lagophthalmos 213
Lamberts Sign 213
Lasgues Sign 213
Lateral Medullary Syndrome 214
Lateral Rectus Palsy 214
Laterocollis 214
Lateropulsion 215
Laughter 215
Lazarus Sign 215
Leadpipe Rigidity 215
Leucocoria 215
Levator Inhibition 215
Levitation 215
Lhermittes Sign 216
Lid Lag 216
Lid Retraction 217
Light-Near (Pupillary) Dissociation (LND) 217
Light Reflex 218
Locked-In Syndrome 218
Lockjaw 218
Logoclonia 218
Logopenia 219
Logorrhoea 219
Long Tract Signs 219
Looking Glass Syndrome 219
Lower Motor Neurone (LMN) Syndrome 219
Luria Test 220
M 221
Macrographia 221
Macropsia 221
Macrosomatognosia 221
MacroSquare Wave Jerks 221
Macula Sparing, Macula Splitting 221
Maculopathy 222
Magnetic Movements 222
Main daccoucheur 222
Main en Griffe 222
Main tranger 223
Main Succulente 223
Man-in-a-Barrel 223
Marche Petit Pas 223
Marcus Gunn Phenomenon 224
Marcus Gunn Pupil, Marcus Gunn Sign 224
Mask-Like Facies 224
Masseter Hypertrophy 224
Masseter Reflex 224
Masticatory Claudication 225
McArdles Sign 225
Medial Medullary Syndrome 225
Menace Reflex 225
Meningism 226
Metamorphopsia 226
Micrographia 227
Micropsia 227
Microsomatognosia 228
Milkmaids Grip 228
Miosis 228
Mirror Agnosia 228
Mirror Apraxia 229
Mirror Ataxia 229
Mirror Dystonia 229
Mirror Hallucination 229
Mirror Movements 229
Mirror Sign 230
Mirror Writing 230
Misidentification Syndromes 231
Misoplegia 232
Mitbewegungen 232
Mitgehen 232
Mitmachen 232
Monoballismus 232
Monochromatopsia 233
Monomelia 233
Mononeuritis Multiplex, Mononeuropathy Multiplex 233
Mononeuropathy 233
Monoparesis, Monoplegia 233
Monophasia 233
Monotonia 233
Moria 233
Motor Neglect 234
Moving Ear 234
Multiplication of Images 234
Muscle Hypertrophy 234
Mutism 234
Myasthenic Snarl 235
Mydriasis 235
Myelopathy 236
Myersons Sign 237
Myoclonus 237
Myoedema 238
Myokymia 238
Myopathy 239
Myorhythmia 240
Myotonia 240
N 242
Narcolepsy, Narcoleptic Syndrome 242
Nasopalpebral Reflex 242
Negative Myoclonus 242
Negative Tremor 242
Negativism 242
Neglect 242
Negros Sign 243
Neologism 243
Neris Test 244
Nerve Thickening 244
Neuromyotonia 244
Neuronopathy 245
Neuropathy 245
Nominal Aphasia 246
Nuchal Rigidity 246
Nuchocephalic Reflex 246
Nyctalopia 247
NylenBrny Manoeuvre 247
Nystagmoid Jerks 247
Nystagmus 247
O 251
Obscurations 251
Obtundation 251
Ocular Apraxia 251
Ocular Bobbing 251
Ocular Dipping 252
Ocular Flutter 252
Ocular Myoclonus 252
Ocular Tilt Reaction 253
Oculocephalic Response 253
Oculogyric Crisis 253
Oculomasticatory Myorhythmia 254
Oculomotor (III) Nerve Palsy 254
Oculovestibular Response 255
Okay Sign 255
One-and-a-Half Syndrome 255
Onion Peel, Onion Skin 255
Ophthalmoparesis, Ophthalmoplegia 256
Opisthotonos 256
Oppenheims Sign 257
Oppenheims Useless Hand Sign 257
Opsoclonus 257
Optic Aphasia 258
Optic Ataxia 259
Optic Atrophy 259
Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN), Optokinetic Response 260
Orators Hand 260
Oro-facial Dyspraxia 260
Oromandibular Dystonia 260
Orthostatic Hypotension 261
Oscillopsia 262
Oscillucusis 262
Osmophobia 262
Overflow 262
P 263
Pagophagia 263
Palatal Reflex 263
Palatal Tremor 263
Palilalia 263
Palilogia 264
Palinacusis 264
Palinopsia 264
Pallaesthesia 265
Palmaris Brevis Sign 265
Palmomental Reflex 265
Pandysautonomia 266
Papilloedema 266
Paraballismus 267
Paradoxical Breathing 267
Paradoxical Head Tilt 267
Paradoxical Flexor Reflex 267
Paradoxical Triceps Reflex 267
Paraesthesia 267
Paragrammatism 268
Paragraphia 268
Parakinesia, Parakinesis 268
Paralexia 268
Paralogia 268
Paralysis 268
Paramnesia 268
Paramyotonia 269
Paraparesis 269
Paraphasia 270
Paraplegia 271
Parapraxia, Parapraxis 272
Paratonia 272
Paresis 272
Parinauds Syndrome 272
Parkinsonism 273
Parosmia 275
ParryRomberg Syndrome 275
Past-Pointing 276
Patellar Reflex 276
Pathological Crying, Pathological Laughter 276
Peduncular Hallucinosis 276
Peek Sign 277
Peliopsia, Pelopsia 277
Pelvic Thrusting 277
Pendular Nystagmus 277
Percussion Myotonia 277
Periodic Alternating Nystagmus 278
Periodic Respiration 278
Perseveration 278
Personification of Paralyzed Limbs 279
Pes Cavus 279
Petite Madeleines Phenomenon 280
Phalens Sign 280
Phantom Alloaesthesia 280
Phantom Chromatopsia 280
Phantom Limb 280
Phantom Vision 281
Pharyngeal Reflex 281
Phonagnosia 281
Phonemic Disintegration 281
Phonetic Disintegration 282
Phonophobia 282
Phosphene 282
Photism 282
Photophobia 283
Photopsia 283
Physical Duality 283
Piano-Playing Fingers 283
Pica 283
Picture Sign 283
Picture Within a Picture Sign 284
Pied en Griffe 284
Pie-in-the-Sky Defect 284
Pill Rolling 284
Pinch Sign 284
Pinhole Test 284
Plantar Response 285
Plegia 285
Pleurothotonus 286
Plexopathy 286
Polyganglionopathy 287
Polymyoclonus 287
Polyneuropathy 287
Polyopia 287
Popeye Arms 288
Poriomania 288
Porropsia 288
Positional Manoeuvres 288
Posttetanic Potentiation 288
Postural Hypotension 288
Postural Reflexes 288
Pourfour du Petit Syndrome 289
Pouting, Pout Reflex 289
Prayer Sign 289
Prehensile Thumb Sign 289
Presbyastasis 289
Presbycusis 290
Presbyopia 290
Prsque vu 290
Pressure Provocation Test 290
Prevosts Sign 290
Priapism 291
Primitive Reflexes 291
Procerus Sign 291
Pronator Drift 291
Proprioception 292
Proptosis 292
Propulsion 293
Prosopagnosia 293
Prosopoplegia 294
Proust Phenomenon 294
Proximal Limb Weakness 294
Pseudoabducens Palsy 295
Pseudoachromatopsia 295
Pseudoagnosia 295
Pseudo-Argyll Robertson Pupil 295
Pseudoathetosis 296
Pseudo-Babinski Sign 296
Pseudobitemporal Hemianopia 296
Pseudobulbar Affect 296
Pseudobulbar Palsy 296
Pseudochoreoathetosis 297
Pseudodementia 297
Pseudodiplopia 298
Pseudohallucination 298
Pseudohypertrophy 298
Pseudo-Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia 298
Pseudomyotonia 299
Pseudo-One-and-a-Half Syndrome 299
Pseudopapilloedema 300
Pseudoparesis 300
Pseudoptosis 300
Pseudoradicular Syndrome 300
Pseudo-Von Graefes Sign 300
Psychic Akinesia 301
Psychic Blindness 301
Psychic Paralysis of Gaze 301
Psychomotor Retardation 301
Psychomotor Signs 301
Ptarmus 301
Ptosis 301
Ptyalism 302
Pulfrich Phenomenon 302
Pull Test 303
Punding 303
Pupillary Reflexes 303
Pupil Sparing 304
Pure Word Blindness 304
Pure Word Deafness 304
Pursuit 305
Pyramidal Decussation Syndrome 305
Pyramidal Signs, Pyramidal Weakness 305
Q 306
Quadrantanopia 306
Quadriparesis, Quadriplegia 306
Quadrupedalism 307
R 308
Rabbit Syndrome 308
Raccoon Eyes 308
Radiculopathy 308
Raynauds Phenomenon 309
Rebound Phenomenon 309
Recruitment 310
Recurrent Utterances 310
Red Ear Syndrome 310
Reduplicative Paramnesia 310
Reflexes 311
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) 312
Religiosity 313
Remote Atrophy 313
Retinal Venous Pulsation 313
Retinitis Pigmentosa 313
Retinopathy 314
Retrocollis 315
Retropulsion, Retropulsion Test 315
Reverse Lhermittes Sign 315
Reverse Phalens Manoeuvre 315
Reverse Ptosis 315
Reverse Sensory Geste 315
Reverse Straight Leg Raising 315
Revilliods Sign 315
Riddochs Phenomenon 316
RightLeft Disorientation 316
Rigidity 316
Rindblindheit 317
Ring Scotoma 317
Rinnes Test 317
Rising Sign 318
Risus Sardonicus 318
Robot Syndrome 318
Rocket Sign 318
Rogers Sign 318
Rolex Sign 319
Rombergism, Rombergs Sign 319
Roos Test 319
Rooting Reflex 320
Rosenbachs Sign 320
Rosss Syndrome 320
S 321
Saccades 321
Saccadic Intrusion, Saccadic Pursuit 322
Saccadomania 322
Sacral Sparing 322
Saddle Anaesthesia 322
Saturday Night Palsy 322
Savant Syndrome 322
Scanning Speech 323
Scapula Alata 323
Schizophasia 323
Schwabach Test 323
Scoliosis 323
Scotoma 324
Scratch Test 324
Seborrhoea 324
Seelenblindheit 325
Seizures 325
Self-Mutilation 326
Sensory Ataxia 326
Sensory Geste 326
Sequential Paresis 326
Setting Sun Sign 326
Shadowing 326
Shin-Tapping 326
Sialorrhoea 327
Sighing 327
Signe de lventail (Fan Sign) 327
Signe de Rideau 327
Signe du Journal 327
Simian Hand 328
Simian Posture 328
Simultanagnosia 328
Singultus 328
Sink Sign 329
Skew Deviation 329
SmileWink Phenomenon 329
Smooth Pursuit 329
Snarling Facies 329
Sneezing 329
Snoring 330
Snouting, Snout Reflex 330
Somatoparaphrenia 330
Somatotopagnosia 331
Spasm 331
Spasmus Nutans 331
Spastic Catch 331
Spasticity 332
Speech Apraxia 333
Spinal Mass Reflex 333
Spoonerisms 334
Spurlings Sign 334
Square Wave Jerks 334
Square Wave Oscillations 334
Squint 334
Stapedius Reflex 335
Stellwags Sign 335
Steppage, Stepping Gait 335
Stereoanaesthesia 335
Stereohypaesthesia 335
Stereotyped Aphasia 335
Stereotypy 335
Sternocleidomastoid Test 336
Stethoscope Loudness Imbalance Test 336
StewartHolmes Sign 336
Stiffness 336
Stork Legs 337
Stork Manoeuvre 337
Strabismus 337
Straight Leg Raising 338
Straight Thumb Sign 338
Striatal Toe 338
String Sign 338
Stupor 338
Stutter 339
Sucking Reflex 339
Summerskills Sign 339
Sundowning 339
Sunset Sign 340
Suppression 340
Supranuclear Gaze Palsy 340
Surface Dyslexia 341
Suspended Sensory Loss 341
Swan Neck 341
Swearing 341
Sweat Level 341
Swinging Flashlight Sign 341
Syllogomania 342
Synaesthesia 342
Synkinesia, Synkinesis 342
T 344
Table Top Sign 344
Tachylalia 344
Tachyphemia 344
Tactile Agnosia 344
Tadpole Pupils 344
Talantropia 345
Tandem Walking 345
Tasikinesia 345
Tays Sign 345
Teichopsia 345
Telegraphic Speech 345
Telopsia 345
Temporal Desaturation 346
Temporal Pallor 346
Terson Syndrome 346
Tetanus, Tetany 346
Tetraparesis, Tetraplegia 346
Threat Reflex 346
Tic 346
Tic Convulsif 347
Tie Sign 347
Tilted Disc 347
Tinels Sign (HoffmannTinel Sign) 347
Tinnitus 348
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon 348
Titubation 348
Todds Paralysis, Todds Paresis 349
Toe Walking 349
Tongue Biting 349
Tonic Spasms 349
Torpor 350
Torticollis 350
Tortopia 350
Tourettism 350
Transcortical Aphasias 350
Transverse Smile 351
Tremblement Affirmatif, Tremblement Negatif 351
Tremor 351
Trendelenburgs Sign 353
Triparesis 353
Triplopia 353
Trismus 353
Trombone Tongue 353
Trmners Sign 354
Trousseaus Sign 354
Tullio Phenomenon 354
Tunnel Vision 354
Two-Point Discrimination 355
U 356
Uhthoffs Phenomenon 356
Unterbergers Sign 356
Upbeat Nystagmus 357
Upper Motor Neurone (UMN) Syndrome 357
Urgency 358
Urinary Retention 358
Useless Hand of Oppenheim 359
Utilization Behaviour 359
V 360
Valsalva Manoeuvre 360
Vegetative States 360
Venous Pulsation 361
Vernets Syndrome 361
Vertigo 361
Vestibulo-ocular Reflexes 362
Vibration 363
Visual Agnosia 364
Visual Disorientation 365
Visual Extinction 365
Visual Field Defects 365
Visual Form Agnosia 366
Visual Grasp Reflex 367
Visual Perseveration 367
Visuopalpebral Reflex 367
Vocal Tremor, Voice Tremor 367
Von Graefes Sign 367
Vorbereiden 367
VOR Suppression 368
Vulpians Sign 368
W 369
Waddling Gait 369
Waiters Tip Posture 369
Wallenbergs Syndrome 369
Wall-Eyed 369
Warm-Up Phenomenon 369
Wartenbergs Sign (1) 369
Wartenbergs Sign (2) 370
Wartenbergs Swing Test 370
Wasting 370
Weakness 370
Webers Test 371
Wernickes Aphasia 371
Wheelchair Sign 372
Wing-Beating Tremor 373
Winging of the Scapula 373
Witzelsucht 373
Woltmans Sign 373
Wrestlers Sign 374
Wrist Drop 374
Writers Cramp 374
Wrong-Way Eyes 375
Wry Neck 375
X 376
Xanthopsia 376
Xerophthalmia, Xerostomia 376
Y 377
Yawning 377
Yips 377
Yo-Yo-Ing 378
Z 379
Zeitraffer Phenomenon 379
Zooagnosia 379
Zoom Effect 379
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 12.11.2010 |
|---|---|
| Zusatzinfo | XVI, 381 p. |
| Verlagsort | New York |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Schulbuch / Wörterbuch ► Lexikon / Chroniken |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Neurologie | |
| Medizin / Pharmazie ► Medizinische Fachgebiete ► Psychiatrie / Psychotherapie | |
| Schlagworte | critical care medicine • Emergency Medicine • neuroimaging • Neurology • physical examination • Psychiatry |
| ISBN-10 | 1-4419-7095-9 / 1441970959 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-4419-7095-4 / 9781441970954 |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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