Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics (eBook)

Cover 1
Contents 6
Contributors 10
Chapter 1. Fundamental Tests of Quantum Mechanics 14
I. Historical Overview 14
II. Bell Inequalities 17
III. Loopholes 19
IV. Experiments Based on Photons 21
V. Experiments Based on Atoms 22
VI. Contrasts between Photon- and Atom-Based Experiments 34
VII. Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger 36
VIII. Applications 37
IX. Outlook and Perspectives 37
X. Acknowledgments 38
XI. References 38
Chapter 2. Wave-Particle Duality in an Atom Interferometer 42
I. Introduction 42
II. Experimental Setup 46
III. Bragg Reflection 49
IV. The Atom Interferometer 55
V. Delayed Choice 61
VI. Storing Which-Way Information 62
VII. Interferometer with Which-Way Information 67
VIII. Quantum Erasure 70
IX. Incomplete Which-Way Information 73
X. Wigner Function 78
XI. Conclusion 82
XII. Acknowledgments 82
XIII. References 82
Chapter 3. Atom Holography 86
I. Introduction 86
II. Atomic Beam Source 87
III. Design of Thin-Film Hologram 90
IV. Quality Evaluation 102
V. Other Possible Techniques 103
VI. Conclusions 105
VII. Acknowledgments 105
VIII. References 105
Chapter 4. Optical Dipole Traps for Neutral Atoms 108
I. Introduction 108
II. Optical Dipole Potential 110
III. Experimental Issues 121
IV. Red-Detuned Dipole Traps 136
V. Blue-Detuned Dipole Traps 158
VI. Concluding Remarks 175
VII. Acknowledgments 178
VIII. References 178
Chapter 5. Formation of Cold (T < = 1 K) Molecules
I. Introduction 185
II. Nonoptical Cooling Techniques 204
III. Optical Cooling Techniques 208
IV. Formation of Cold Molecules Via Laser-Induced Photo-association 219
V. Conclusions and Future Directions 232
VI. Acknowledgments 232
VII. References 233
Chapter 6. High-Intensity Laser-Atom Physics 238
I. Introduction 239
II. Multiphoton Processes in Atoms and Ions 240
III. Theoretical Methods 250
IV. Conclusions and Future Developments 291
V. Acknowledgments 292
VI. References 292
Chapter 7. Coherent Control of Atomic, Molecular, and Electronic Processes 300
I. Introduction 300
II. Preparation and Dynamics of a Continuum State 302
III. Bichromatic Control of a Superposition State 309
IV. The Coherent Control Principle 317
V. Weak-Field Coherent Control: Unimolecular Processes 317
VI. Strong-Field Incoherent Interference Control 338
VII. Coherent Control of Bimolecular Processes 345
VIII. Summary 355
IX. Acknowledgments 356
X. References 356
Chapter 8. Resonant Nonlinear Optics in Phase Coherent Media 360
I. Introduction 360
II. Review of Atomic Coherence Studies 363
III. Resonant Enhancement of Nonlinear Optical Processes: The Concept 366
IV. Analysis of Nonlinear Optical Enhancement 370
V. Resonant Enhancement of Four-wave Mixing Processes 376
VI. Physical Origin of Nonlinear Enhancement 380
VII. Optical Phase Conjugation in Double-. Systems 384
VIII. For Optical Aberration Correction in Double-. Medium 388
IX. Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Dense Coherent Media 389
X. Outlook 395
XI. Acknowledgments 397
XII. References 397
Chapter 9. The Characterization of Liquid and Solid Surfaces with Metastable Helium Atoms 400
I. Introduction 400
II. Reactions of Metastable Helium Atoms with Matter: General Survey 406
III. Quantitative Evaluation of MIES Data 451
IV. Discussion of Selected Systems 462
V. Summary 495
VI. Acknowledgments 496
VII. References. 496
Chapter 10. Quantum Communication with Entangled Photons 502
I. Introduction 503
II. Entanglement: Basic Features 505
III. Quantum Communication with Entangled States 507
IV. The Building Blocks 516
V. The Quantum Communication Experiments 532
VI. Conclusion 541
VII. Acknowledgments 543
VIII. References 543
Subject Index 548
Contents of Volumes in This Series 558