Dynamics of Vehicle-Road Coupled System (eBook)

Dr. Shaopu Yang received his Ph.D. from Tianjin University in 1991. He currently serves as a professor and deputy president at Shijiazhuang Tiedao University. He is also a committee member of IFToMM. He is a leading scientist of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Project).  He was in charge of more than 30 projects including three key projects for the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and has published over 150 journal and conference papers.  He received the National Science and Technology Award in 2003. His research was funded by the National Outstanding Young Scientist Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. He is also winner of the Science and Technology Award of Hebei Province for three times (2005, 2009, 2013).Dr. Liqun Chen is the Chang Jiang Chair Professor at Shanghai University. His research was rewarded by the National Outstanding Young Scientist Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China. He has co-authored 5 books, namely Mechanics of Vibrations (1998, 2000, 2011), Nonlinear Dynamics (2000), Nonlinear Vibrations (2001, 2003), Theoretical Mechanics (2006, 2014), and Chaos in Attitude Dynamics of Spacecraft (in English) (2013). He has published over 100 papers in international journals in the fields of nonlinear dynamics and vibration of continua.Dr. Shaohua Li is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at ShijiaZhuang Tiedao University. She received M.S. (2003) from STDU and Ph.D. (2009) degree from Beijing Jiaotong University. Since 2003, she has been working on the research of vehicle dynamics and control and has published 25 journal papers. As principal investigator, she has fulfilled 5 projects and is still fulfilling 2 projects, including “The National Natural Science Foundation of China: Nonlinear dynamics of heavy-duty vehicles under complex conditions” and “Project Supported by New Century Talent Foundation of Ministry of Education, China: Modeling, simulation and control of the driver-vehicle-road system”.  Her research was funded by the Hebei Outstanding Young Scientist Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei.

Abstract 5
Contents 7
About the Authors 12
Acknowledgmemts 13
Chapter1 14
Introduction 14
1.1 The State of Research in Vehicle Dynamics 14
1.2 The State of Research in Road Dynamics 18
1.3 The State of Research in Tire Dynamics 24
1.4 The Research Scheme of Vehicle-Road Coupled System Dynamics 26
1.5 Outline and the Main Issues of Vehicle-Road Coupled System Dynamics 27
References 28
Chapter 2 35
Dynamic Analysis of a Heavy Vehicle Using Lumped Parameter Model 35
2.1 Experimental Modeling for the Nonlinear Components in Vehicle Suspension 35
2.1.1 Experimental Damping Characteristics of the Shock Absorber 36
2.1.2 Experimental Stiffness Characteristics of the Leaf Springs 45
2.2 Dynamic Analysis of a Two-Axle Heavy Vehicle 49
2.2.1 Vehicle Model and Differential Equations of Motion 49
2.2.2 Calculation of the Vehicle Response 53
2.2.3 Analysis of Vehicle-Vibration Response Under Random Excitation 56
2.2.4 Numerical Results and Discussions 58
2.3 Dynamic Analysis of a Three-Axle Heavy Vehicle 63
2.3.1 Modeling for a Three-Axle Vehicle with a Balanced Suspension 63
2.3.2 Modeling for a Vehicle-Tire–Road Coupling System 67
2.3.3 Numerical Results and Discussions 73
2.4 Chapter Summary 79
References 80
Chapter 3 81
Dynamic Analysis of a Heavy Vehicle Using Function Virtual Prototype 81
3.1 Modeling of Vehicle Suspension, Tire, and Road 81
3.2 Orthogonal Optimization of a Heavy Vehicle 89
3.3 Semiactive Control of a Heavy Vehicle 101
3.4 Chapter Summary 105
References 106
Chapter 4 107
Dynamic Analysis of a Pavement Structure Under a Vehicle’s Moving Load 107
4.1 The Dynamic Response of a Vehicle–Pavement System Based on a Finite Beam on a Nonlinear Foundation 107
4.1.1 Equation of Motion [16] 109
4.1.2 Galerkin’s Discretization 110
4.1.3 Numerical Results 113
4.2 The Dynamic Response of a Finite Timoshenko Beam on a Nonlinear Viscoelastic Foundation to a Moving Load [18] 117
4.2.1 Equation of Motion 117
4.2.2 Normal Modes 119
4.2.3 Galerkin’s Discretization 121
4.2.4 Numerical Results 123
4.3 Vibration of a Vehicle–Pavement Coupled System Based on a Finite Timoshenko Beam on a Nonlinear Foundation [21] 130
4.3.1 The Mathematical Model 130
4.3.2 The Schemes of Solution 133
4.3.3 Numerical Case Studies 135
4.4 The Dynamic Response of an Infinite Timoshenko Beam on a Nonlinear Viscoelastic Foundation [19, 25] 145
4.4.1 The Mathematical Model 146
4.4.2 The Perturbation Method 147
4.4.3 The Modified ADM 151
4.4.4 The Moving Force 158
4.4.5 Parametric Studies 165
4.5 Chapter Summary 169
References 169
Chapter 5 172
Road Dynamic Responses Under Moving Vehicle Loads Based on Double-Layer Plate Model 172
5.1 Description of the Moving Vehicle Loads 172
5.1.1 Mathematical Model of the Moving Vehicle Loads 172
5.1.2 Calculation of the Tire Contact Area 174
5.2 Dynamic Responses of an Infinite Double-Layer Plate on a Kelvin Foundation 175
5.2.1 Governing Equations of the Infinite Double-Layer Plate 175
5.2.2 The Displacement and the Stress of the Double-Layer Plate Under Moving Vehicle Loads Supported by a Kelvin Foundation 178
5.3 Numerical Simulations of an Infinite Double-Layer Plate on a Kelvin Foundation 183
5.3.1 Result Verification 183
5.3.2 The Dynamic Response of the Double-Layer Plate 184
5.4 Dynamic Responses of an Infinite Double-Layer Plate on an Elastic Half Space Foundation 187
5.4.1 Governing Equations of the Infinite Double-Layer Plate 187
5.4.2 Governing Equations of the Elastic Half-Space Foundation 190
5.4.3 The Solutions of a Half-Space Foundation in a Number-Frequency Domain 191
5.4.4 Displacement Green’s Functions of the Elastic Half-Space Foundation 194
5.4.5 The Displacement and Stress of the Double-Layer Plate Under Moving Vehicle Loads Supported by Elastic Half-Space 196
5.5 Numerical Simulations of an Infinite Double-Layer Plate on an Elastic Half Space Foundation 199
5.5.1 Result Verification 200
5.5.2 The Dynamic Response of the Double-Layer Plate 201
5.6 Chapter Summary 203
References 203
Chapter 6 205
Road Dynamic Responses Under Moving Vehicle Loads Based on Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model 205
6.1 Three-Dimensional Finite Element Model of Road System 205
6.1.1 Road Model of a Layered Plate and Its Basic Assumptions 205
6.1.2 Three Dimensional Finite Element Model of the Road System 206
6.1.3 A Transient Dynamic Analysis of Road System Vibration 207
6.2 Dynamic Responses of Road System to the Moving Vehicle Loads 211
6.2.1 Vertical Displacement Analysis of Road System 211
6.2.2 Stress Analysis of Road System 212
6.2.3 Stain Analysis of Road System 216
6.3 Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Fatigue Life Under Moving Vehicle Loads 218
6.3.1 Prediction Model of Asphalt Pavement Fatigue Life 218
6.3.2 Parameter Influence Analysis of Asphalt Pavement Fatigue Life 219
6.4 Chapter Summary 223
References 223
Chapter7 225
Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of Vehicle–Road Coupled Systems 225
7.1 Modeling of A Two-Dimensional Vehicle–Road Coupled System 225
7.1.1 Model of Tire-Road Contact 225
7.1.2 Equations of a Two-Dimensional Vehicle–Road Coupled System 227
7.1.3 Interaction of Tire and Road 229
7.1.4 Calculation Program and Model Verification 230
7.2 Effects of the Two Tire Models on the Responses of the Vehicle–Road Coupled System 233
7.3 Modeling of a Three-Dimensional Vehicle–Road Coupled System 242
7.3.1 Equations of Motion for the Vehicle 242
7.3.2 Equations of Motion for the Road 245
7.3.3 Interaction Between the Vehicle and the Road 246
7.4 Response Comparison of the Coupled System with the Traditional Separated System 250
7.5 Chapter Summary 255
References 259
Chapter 8 261
Parameter Design of Vehicle–Road System with Low Dynamic Interaction 261
8.1 Verification of the New Theory of Vehicle–Road Coupled System 261
8.2 Evaluation Criterions of Low Dynamic Interaction 263
8.3 Effects of Vehicle System Parameters 264
8.3.1 The Effect of Vehicle Speed 264
8.3.2 The Effect of Vehicle Load 264
8.3.3 The Effect of Wheel Mass 266
8.3.4 The Effects of Tire Stiffness 267
8.3.5 The Effects of Suspension Stiffness 268
8.3.6 The Effects of Tire Damping 269
8.3.7 The Effects of Suspension Damping 270
8.3.8 The Effect of Wheelbase 271
8.3.9 The Effect of Wheel Tread 274
8.4 Effects of Road System Parameters 275
8.4.1 The Effects of Pavement Density 275
8.4.2 The Effects of Pavement Height 276
8.4.3 The Effects of Elastic Modulus 277
8.4.4 The Effects of the Pavement Poisson Ratio 280
8.4.5 The Effect of the Foundation Response Modulus 280
8.4.6 The Effect of the Foundation Damping coefficient 282
8.5 Chapter Summary 283
References 283
Chapter 9 285
Modeling and Interaction of a Vehicle–Road System with Nonlinearity and Viscoelasticity 285
9.1 System Models and Equations of Motion 285
9.1.1 Modeling Nonlinearity and Viscoelasticity 285
9.1.2 The Equations of Motion for a Nonlinear Vehicle 288
9.1.3 The Equations of Motion for the Nonlinear and Viscoelastic Pavement 289
9.1.4 The Interaction Between the Vehicle and the Pavement 295
9.2 Dynamic Responses of the Nonlinear Vehicle–Road Coupled System 297
9.3 The Effects of Nonlinearity and Viscoelasticity on Vehicle and Road Responses 303
9.4 Chapter Summary 310
References 310
Chapter 10 312
The Construction of a Highway Fieldtest Section for Vehicle–Road Interaction 312
10.1 The Experiment Scheme of the Vehicle–Road System 312
10.2 The Highway Field Test System 313
10.2.1 Introduction of the Highway Road Structure 313
10.2.2 The Testing System of the Road 313
10.2.3 The Laying Process of the Sensor 315
10.3 Vehicle Test System 318
10.3.1 Introduction of the Vehicle System 318
10.3.2 Introduction of Vehicle Test System 318
10.4 Analysis of the Road Test Results 320
10.4.1 Analysis of Road Dynamic Strain Response 320
10.4.2 Analysis of Road Vertical Dynamic Stress 324
10.5 Analysis of the Vehicle Test Results 327
10.6 Chapter Summary 332
References 333
Index 334