Driven Magnetic Fusion Reactors (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Driven Magnetic Fusion Reactors 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
INTRODUCTION 8
THE PHILOSOPHY OF FUSION RESEARCH 10
PART I: 
22 
CHAPTER 1. 
24 
ABSTRACT 24
REFERENCES 41
CHAPTER 2. 
42 
ABSTRACT 42
REFERENCES 59
CHAPTER 3. 
60 
ABSTRACT 60
I . INTRODUCTION 61
II . FIEL D REVERSED EQUILIBRIA 63
III . STABILIT Y OF FIELD-REVERSE D STATES 86
IV . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES 88
References 92
CHAPTER 4. 
94 
ABSTRACT 94
I . INTRODUCTION 95
II . MFTF MAJOR DESIGN PARAMETERS 95
III . THE REQUIREMENTS OF STABILITY THEORY 96
IV . NEUTRAL BEAM REQUIREMENTS 100
V. MAGNET DESIGN 103
VI . POWER SUPPLIES 108
VII . CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS 108
References 111
CHAPTER 5. THE ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF Q FOR MIRROR REACTORS — COMBINATIONS OF Q AND M WHICH LOOK PROMISING 112
Summary 112
Some Background on Q - The Success Parameter for Mirrors 114
Lessening the Subjective-Judgment on Q 116
The Basis for Q 116
The Economic Leverage for Fusion 121
References 127
CHAPTER 6. 
128 
Abstract 128
Introduction 128
Tandem Mirror Fusion Reactor 129
Tandem Mirror Hybrid Reactor 140
Conclusion 145
References 145
CHAPTER 7. 
146 
Abstract 146
Introduction 146
Analytic Model 147
The Reference Case Design 149
References 161
CHAPTER 8. 
162 
Abstract 162
Introduction 163
Magnetic field design and particle orbits 166
TLM diffusion Theory 179
TLM Fokker Planck calculations 182
MHD equilibrium 185
Interchange stability 186
Mirror instabilities 187
Ballooning instabilities 187
TLM reactor design 192
Design of TLM experiments 192
Acknowledgements 194
References 194
CHAPTER 9. 
196 
CHAPTER 10. 
198 
ABSTRACT 198
Introduction 199
Standard Mirror Hybrid Reactor Design 202
System Performance 213
Two-Component Tandem Mirror Hybrid 217
Summary 217
REFERENCES 222
CHAPTER 11. 
224 
Beam Direct Energy 
224 
Improved 
228 
Save Power 
228 
Save 
228 
Electrical Circuit and Grounded Neutralizer vs. Grounded Source 228
Neutral Injection 
229 
Neutral Injection Systems Operating on Helium 229
Experimental Results 232
Experiments on the LBL 1/ 4 Scale TFTR Beam 232
Plasma Direct Conversion 232
REFERENCES 242
CHAPTER 12. SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS FOR MIRROR 
244 
Abstract 244
Introduction 244
Magnet Shape 245
Magnet Size 247
Magnetic Field Strength 247
Magnetic Design Considerations 251
Present Status of Magnet Development for Mirror Machines 255
References 257
PART II: THE "TWO COMPONENT TOKAMAKS" APPROACH 258
CHAPTER 13. PHYSICS OF THE TWO-COMPONENT AND HOT ION TOKAMAKS 260
ABSTRACT 260
I . INTRODUCTION 261
II. THE TCT AND BEAM HEATED MODES 264
III. THE HOT ION MODE 268
REFERENCES 272
CHAPTER 14. 
274 
Introduction 275
Functions 278
Design Requirements 280
TFTR Performance Requirements 281
Project History 282
Project Organization 284
Schedule 286
Major Engineering Features 286
Acknowledgments 303
CHAPTER 15. PLASMA PARAMETRIC STUDIES AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF DRIVEN FUSION REACTORS 304
ABSTRACT 304
I. Parametric Plasm a Analysis of Two Component and Maxwellian Fusion Amplifier (TC A and MFA) Performance in Driven Reactors 305
II. D-3He in the MFA Operating Mode and for O-T MFA Burn Dynamics Simulation 328
III. Applications of Driven Tokamaks 332
Acknowledgement 350
References 351
CHAPTER 16. 
354 
Summary 354
1. INTRODUCTION 355
2. NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS BASED ON POSITIVE IONS 355
3. NEUTRAL BEAM INJECTORS, BASED ON NEGATIVE IONS 371
References 373
PART Ill: POSSIBLE ROLES OF LOW Q FUSION DEVICES 376
CHAPTER 17. 
378 
BACKGROUND 378
FUSION-FISSIO N ENERGY SYSTEMS 381
SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL FUEL PRODUCTION BY FUSION REACTORS 396
CHAPTER 18. 
410 
SUMMARY 410
1. Is a "global approach" possible? 411
2. Resource use and availability /1/ 415
3. Non-proliferation problems 426
4. Conclusions 428
References 429
CHAPTER 19. HYBRIDS AS FUEL FACTORIES: CUMULATIVE FUEL COMMITMENT FOR LIGHT WATER REACTORS: IS THERE A "URANIUM CRUNCH?" THE FUSION-FISSION FUEL FACTORY CAN HELP 430
Summary 430
Installed Capacity for Nuclear Plants 431
Fuel 
431 
Fuel 
431 
Guaranteed Fuel 
431 
Cumulative Fuel 
432 
Reserves and 
435 
The 
437 
Recent 
439 
References 441
CHAPTER 20. 
442 
CHAPTER 21. FUSION WITHIN A EUROPEAN ENERGY STRATEGY 448
CHAPTER 22. POSSIBLE NUCLEAR ENERGY STRATEGY IN JAPAN (POSSIBILITY OF FUSION-FISSION HYBRID REACTOR) 456
ABSTRACT 456
I. INTRODUCTION 457
II. DEVELOPMENT OF LMFBR 458
III. DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE OF CTR(10) 459
IV. POSSIBILITY OF HYBRID REACTOR 461
V. SUMMARY 466
References 467
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 468
ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON HYBRID REACTORS 470
SUMMARY REPORT BY THE MODERATOR 470
TABLE 1. QUESTIONS 
471 
TABLE 2. QUESTIONS 
476 
TABLE 3. 
478 
TABLE 4. 
480 
LIS T OF PARTICIPANTS 482