Advances in Liquid Crystals (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Advances in Liquid Crystals 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
CONTRIBUTORS 10
PREFACE 12
CONTENTS OF PREVIOUS VOLUMES 14
Chapter 1. The Organization and Dynamics of Biomembranes 18
I. Introduction 19
II. Constituents of Biomembranes 19
III. Properties of Phospholipids 23
IV. Lipid Order Parameters 28
V. Lipid Diffusion 29
VI. Types of Lyotropic Phase 30
VII. Relationship to Monolayer Characteristics 31
VIII. Classification of Possible Monolayer Phases 32
IX. Cooperativity of Main Transition 34
X. Comparison of Monolayer with Bilayer Main Transition 35
XI. Electrical Properties 35
XII. Conformational Change Triggered by Binding of Other Surface Charges 38
XIII. Theoretical Models of Lipid Monolayers and Bilayers 40
XIV. The Modulation of Lipid Dynamics by Cholesterol 45
XV. The Dynamics of Proteins in Model and Natural Biomembranes 48
XVI. Intrinsic Protein–Lipid Interactions 51
References 59
Chapter 2. Liquid Crystals of Disklike Molecules 64
I. Introduction 64
II. Survey of the Experimental Results on Different Compounds 66
III. Surface Anchoring Techniques 89
IV. Theoretical Studies 89
References 93
Chapter 3. Investigation of Liquid Crystals by Mossbauer Spectroscopy 96
I. Introduction 96
II. Method of Mössbauer Spectroscopy 97
III. Mossbauer Spectroscopy of Thermotropic Liquid Crystals 101
IV. Liquid Crystals as Orienting Matrices 132
V. Mossbauer Spectroscopy of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals 134
VI. Conclusion. Prospects and Directions of Future Research 148
References 150
Chapter 4. Microemulsions and Liquid Crystals 154
I. Introduction 154
II. Theory 155
III. Phase Equilibria 158
References 168
Chapter 5. Disclination Structures in the Carbonaceous Mesophase 174
I. Introduction 174
II. Carbonaceous Mesophase 175
III. Disclination Structures 192
IV. Wedge Disclinations 199
V. Twist Disclinations 211
VI. Disclination Arrays 218
VII. Formation and Interaction of Disclinations 222
VIII. Summary 227
References 228
Chapter 6. Neutron Incoherent Scattering Studies of Liquid Crystals 232
I. Essential Information on the Elastic and Quasi-elastic Neutron Incoherent Scattering Method (QNS) 232
II. Neutron Incoherent Scattering Studies on TBBA 236
III. Neutron Incoherent Scattering Studies on a Group of Benzylidene Compounds 241
IV Neutron Incoherent Scattering Studies on a Group of Azoxy Compounds 245
V. Conclusions 248
References 249
INDEX 252