The Biological Chemistry of the Elements
Clarendon Press (Verlag)
978-0-19-855802-6 (ISBN)
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The study of the chemistry of living processes has traditionally centred on the behaviour of organic compounds in water - together they account for 99 percent of the matter in living systems. However, about 20 "inorganic" elements are also regarded essential for life, and they are found in similar amounts in most living systems. The authors' objective in this book is to examine and exlain the importance of these elements by "bringing inorganic chemistry to life". The authors commence with a survey of the chemical and physical factors controlling the elements of life; the essential functions of individual inorganic elements are then described. A final section consolidates a major theme of the book - the co-operative interaction of elements in living systems. Chapters here examine the relationships between chemical activity and morphology and the effect that changes in the availability of elements have on life - not only in providing evolutionary pressures but also in the context of the use of medicines and the spread of pollutants.
PART I: THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FACTORS CONTROLLING THE ELEMENTS OF LIFE: The chemical elements in biology; The principles of the chemical uptake and speciation of the elements in biology; Physical separation of the elements: compartments and zones in biology; Kinetic considerations of chemical reactions, catalysis, and control; Energy in biological systems and hydrogen biochemistry; The functional value of the chemical elements in biological systems; The role of biological macromolecules and polymers; PART II: THE ROLES OF INDIVIDUAL ELELMENTS IN BIOLOGY: Sodium, potassium, and chlorine: osmotic control, electrolyte equilibria, and currents; The biological chemistry of magnesium: phosphate metabolism; Calcium: controls and triggers; Zinc: Lewis acid catalysis and regulation; Non-haem iron: redox reactions and controls; Haem iron: coupled redox reactions; Manganese: dioxygen evolution and glycosylation; Copper: extracytoplasmic oxidases and matrix formation; Nickel and cobalt: remnants of early life?; Molybdenum, vanadium, and tungsten; Phosphate, silica, and chloride: acid-base non-metals; Sulphur, selenium, and halogens: redox non-metals; PART III: BIOLOGICAL SHAPE AND THE INTEGRATION OF ELEMENT FUNCTIONS: Biological minerals and biological shapes; An integrated view: the elements in homeostasis, morphogenesis, and evolution; Man's use of the chemical elements in biological environments; Index.
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 18.3.1993 |
|---|---|
| Co-Autor | Robert J. P. Williams, J.J.R. Frausto da Silva |
| Zusatzinfo | numerous line illustrations and tables, bibliography |
| Verlagsort | Oxford |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Themenwelt | Naturwissenschaften ► Biologie ► Biochemie |
| Naturwissenschaften ► Chemie ► Anorganische Chemie | |
| ISBN-10 | 0-19-855802-3 / 0198558023 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-0-19-855802-6 / 9780198558026 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
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