Air Survey of Sand Deposits by Spectral Luminance

Mariya A. Romanova (Autor)

Buch | Softcover

158 Seiten

2012
Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
978-1-4684-7205-9 (ISBN)

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This book gives an account of a method of determining the type composition of sandy deposits from the air by the nature of their reflection of radiant energy. The measured spectral luminance of a rock outcrop rela ti ve to the luminance of a standard is the basic property considered in this method. The spectral luminance factors p/ are measured by means of special instruments - a universal photometer, cinespectrograph, spectro visors, and other spectrometers. The measured values of P" of the investigated rocks are interpreted geologically with the aid of some methods of mathematical statistics so that a means of lithological mapping of sandy deposits from the air can be found. The importance of developing a method of determining the type composition of rocks, primarily sandy de posits, from the air stems from the extensive occurrence of deserts on the earth's surface. Sandy deserts occupy vast areas in the southern latitudes of the USSR and occur in western and central China, Pakistan, Iran, India, and other states. In these deserts there are numerous deposits of petroleum and gas, and a search for water is continuously in progress. Successful prospecting for the above minerals depends on a determination of the material composition of the sandy deposits in these deserts and the solution of several questions of recent tec tonics, paleogeography, and quaternary geology, the answers to which might also be given by a study of the dis tribution of lithological types of sands.

I. Color and Spectral Luminance of Rock.- II. Basic Photometric Concepts.- Reflection and Indicatrices of Diffusion.- Albedo, Luminance, Spectral Luminance.- Spectral Luminance Curves and Their Evaluation.- Experimental Measurements of Spectral Luminance Factors of Rock Samples.- III. Methods of Measuring Spectral Luminance Factors of Rocks.- Laboratory Instruments for Measuring the Reflecting Properties of Natural Objects.- Field Spectrometers.- IV. Conditions of Spectrophotometry of Geological Objects. Processing of Spectrograms and Oscillograms.- Height of Flight during Spectrophotometry of Geological Objects.- Light Conditions and Choice of Time of Photometry.- Choice of Films for Registration of Spectra and Oscillograms.- Processing of Exposed Films.- Measurement of Spectrograms and Oscillograms. Plotting of Spectral Luminance Curves of Investigated Objects.- V. Evaluation of Spectral Luminance Curves and Methods of Geological Interpretation of Photometric Parameters.- Quantitative Evaluation of Spectral Luminance Curves.- Quantitative Evaluation of ?? Curves by Smoothing with Chebyshev Polynomials.- Evaluation of Photometric Parameters by Plotting Distributions of Observed ??.- Method of Calculating Contingency by the X2 Criterion.- Investigation of Association Between Spectral Luminance of Rock and Its Petrographie-Mineralogical Composition (Linear Correlation Analysis).- VI. Correlation of Spectral Luminance with Lithofacies Characteristics of Deposits.- Middle Jurassic Deposits of West Turkmenia.- Terrigenous Cretaceous Deposits of West Turkmenia.- Tertiary Deposits of West Turkmenia.- VII. An Aeropetrographic Survey of Modern Sand Deposits.- Sands of the Sulak Type.- Sands of the Terek Type.- Sands of the Volga Type.- Photometric Properties of Sands ofNorthwest Caspian Region.- Summary.- Literature Cited.- Appendices.

Zusatzinfo	120 Illustrations, black and white; VI, 158 p. 120 illus.
Verlagsort	New York, NY
Sprache	englisch
Maße	210 x 279 mm
Themenwelt	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Geologie
Themenwelt	Naturwissenschaften ► Geowissenschaften ► Mineralogie / Paläontologie
ISBN-10	1-4684-7205-4 / 1468472054
ISBN-13	978-1-4684-7205-9 / 9781468472059
Zustand	Neuware