Air-Sea Exchange of Gases and Particles

Introductory Meteorology and Fluid Dynamics.- 1. Some Deductions from Basic Physics.- 2. Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulations.- 3. Synoptic Scale Circulations.- 4. Mesoscale Circulations.- 5. Convection and Stability.- 6. Turbulence and the Planetary Boundary Layer.- 7. Interface Dynamics.- 8. Practical Aspects of Atmospheric Transports.- Introductory Physical Oceanography.- Large-scale Oceanography.- Mesoscale Oceanography.- The Oceanic Mixed Layer.- Sea Surface Waves.- Microbiological and Organic-Chemical Processes in the Surface and Mixed Layers.- 1. Planktonic Microorganisms and Their Trophic Structure.- 2. Uptake and Release of Gases During the Synthesis and Decay of Organic Matter and its Control by the Solar Cycle.- 3. Organic-Microbial Films that Form the Sea’s Skin.- Gases and Their Precipitation Scavenging in the Marine Atmosphere.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Trace Gas Concentrations in Marine Air.- 3. Homogeneous Marine Air Chemistry.- 4. Exchange of Simple Soluble Gases with Hydrometeors.- 5. Exchange of Reactive and Ionizable Gases.- 6. The Role of Circulation Within Drops.- 7. Heterogeneous Processes.- 8. Scavenging in Complex Systems.- Gas Transfer: Experiments and Geochemical Implications.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Laboratory Sutdies of Air-Water Gas Transfer.- 3. Air-Sea Gas Transfer in the Field.- 4. Possible Role of Natural and Pollutant Films in Air-Sea Gas Transfer.- 5. The Role of Air-Sea Gas Exchange in Geochemical Cycling.- Air-to-Sea Transfer of Particles.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Residence Times.- 3. Scavenging by Precipitation.- 4. Scavenging by Storms.- 5. Dry Deposition of Particles.- 6. More Problems with Dry Deposition.- The Production, Distribution and Bacterial Enrichment of the Sea-Salt Aerosol.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Production of the Sea-SaltAerosol.- 3. Distribtuion of the Sea-Salt Aerosol.- 4. Enrichment of Bacteria in Jet and Film Drops.- 5. Conclusions.- Particle Geochemistry in the Atmosphere and Oceans.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Geochemistry of Marine Aerosols.- 3. Geochemistry of Particle Transfer Between the Atmosphere and the Oceans.- 4. Assessment of Particulate Fluxes from and to the Air-Sea Interface : Geochemical Implications.- 5. Conclusions.- APPENDIX A - List of Symbols.- APPENDIX B - Annotated Bibliography of Sampling.