Scanning Force Microscopy of Polymers (eBook)

Preface 7
Scope of the Book 7
To whom is this Volume Written? 8
Acknowledgments 9
References 10
Contents 11
Part I Principles: Theory and Practice 15
1 Physical Principles of Scanning Probe Microscopy Imaging 16
Abstract 16
1.1 Introduction 16
1.2 The Physical Principles of Atomic Force Microscopy 17
1.3 Modeling the AFM Force–Distance Curve: Interactions Between Tip and a Planar Half- Space 24
1.4 Static Theory of Deflected Cantilever Beams 26
References 36
2 Atomic Force Microscopy in Practice 38
Abstract 38
2.1 Assembling of AFMs for Operation 38
2.2 Practical Issues of AFM Operation 58
References 86
General Reading 87
Part II Case Studies: Macromolecules, Polymer Morphology and Polymer Surface Properties by AFM 89
3 Visualization of Macromolecules and Polymer Morphology 90
Abstract 90
3.1 Structural Hierarchy in Polymers 90
3.2 Single Component Systems 100
3.3 Biopolymers 129
3.4 Multicomponent Systems 151
3.5 Polymers in Applications: Effects of Processing and Processes 172
References 192
4 Polymer Surface and Interface Properties and ( Dynamic) Processes 199
Abstract 199
4.1 Adhesion 199
4.2 Friction 214
4.3 Surface Mechanical Properties 221
4.4 Thermal Properties and Thermal Transitions 227
4.5 Swelling and Solvent Effects 237
4.6 Chemical Reactions, Degradation, and Erosion 240
References 244
Appendices 247
A. AFM manufacturers 247
B. Probe Tip manufacturers / vendors 249
C. SPM software 251
D. Web-based resources 252
Index 253