Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (eBook)

Preface 6
Contents 9
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: a Brief Perspective 18
1 Introduction 18
2 The Electromagnetic Theory of SERS 19
3 Assemblies of Interacting Nanostructures: The Ubiquitous SERS- Active Systems 24
4 Possible Extensions of the Electromagnetic Model 29
5 Conclusions 30
References 31
Index 34
Electromagnetic Mechanism of SERS 35
1 Introduction 35
2 Electromagnetic Mechanism of SERS 37
3 Numerical Methods for Calculating Electromagnetic Enhancement Factors 38
4 Results of EM Calculations 39
5 Long-Range Electromagnetic Enhancement Effects 41
6 Electronic-Structure Studies 44
7 SERS Excitation Spectroscopy as a Probe of the Electromagnetic Mechanism 46
8 Conclusions 55
References 56
Index 61
Electromagnetic Theory of SERS 62
1 Introduction 62
2 Spectral Theory of SERS Enhancement 64
3 Numerical Computations and Results 71
References 78
Index 80
Coupled Plasmonic Plasmon/Photonic Resonance Effects in SERS 81
1 Introduction 81
2 Methods 82
3 Single Nanoparticles and Dimers 85
4 Particle Arrays 89
5 Conclusion 96
References 97
Index 99
Estimating SERS Properties of Silver-Particle Aggregates through Generalized Mie Theory 100
1 Introduction 100
2 The Recursive Order-of-Scattering Method 103
3 Examples of GMT Calculations for Ag- Particle Aggregates 105
4 Summary 114
References 115
Index 116
Studying SERS from Metal Nanoparticles and Nanoparticles Aggregates with Continuum Models 117
1 Introduction 117
2 Description of the Model: A Molecule Close to a Complex- Shaped Nanoparticle 118
3 Extending the Model to Metal-Particle Aggregates 122
4 Beyond SERS 127
5 Summary and Perspectives 132
References 134
Index 135
SERS From Transition Metals and Excited by Ultraviolet Light 136
1 Introduction 136
2 The Physics behind SERS of Transition Metals 139
3 SERS From Transition Metals with Ultraviolet Excitation 148
4 Conclusion 153
References 153
Index 157
Electronic Mechanisms of SERS 158
1 Introduction 158
2 Long-Range Electromagnetic (em)-Enhancement Gem and “Chemical”, “First-Layer”-Enhancement Gfirst layer of Various Ag Samples 159
3 The Electronic Origin of the First-Layer Effect” of SERS 164
4 The Raman-Continuum of Electron–Hole-Pair Excitations 165
5 SERS-Active Sites 168
6 Theory of SERS-Active Sites 172
7 The Story of Missing NO” 175
8 EM Enhancement in Single-Molecule SERS of Dyes in Langmuir– Blodgett Films 178
9 Conjectures on SM SERS in Junction Sites 180
10 Special Examples of SERS at Low Coverage of Small Silver Aggregates 183
References 189
Index 193
Two-Photon Excited Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering 194
1 Introduction 194
2 Surface-Enhanced Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering 195
3 Surface-Enhanced Hyper-Raman Scattering (SEHRS) 201
4 Summary and Conclusion 204
References 205
Index 207
Applications of the Enhancement of Resonance Raman Scattering and Fluorescence by Strongly Coupled Metallic Nanostructures 208
1 Introduction 208
2 Applications 212
3 Conclusion 224
References 225
Index 227
Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) 228
1 Introduction 228
2 TERS Results 231
3 Conclusion/Outlook 248
References 249
Index 251
Tip-Enhanced Near-Field Raman Scattering: Fundamentals and New Aspects for Molecular Nanoanalysis/ Identification 252
1 Introduction 252
2 Localized Surface-Plasmon Polaritons at the Tip 252
3 Instrumentation 253
4 TERS from Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube 254
5 TERS Measurements on Rhodamine 6G 258
6 Tip Force on DNA-Based Adenine Molecules 261
7 Tip-Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering 264
References 270
Index 271
Single-Molecule SERS Spectroscopy 272
1 Introduction 272
2 Single-Molecule SERS Experiments 274
3 SERS as a Single-Molecule Analytical Tool – Comparison between SERS and Fluorescence 281
4 Conclusion 284
References 285
Index 288
Temporal Fluctuations in Single-Molecule SERS Spectra 289
1 Introduction 289
2 Materials and Methods 290
3 Results and Discussion 292
4 Conclusions and Perspectives 303
References 303
Index 306
Single-Molecule Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of the Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein EGFP 307
1 Introduction 307
2 Experimental Section 308
3 Results and Discussion 310
4 Summary 320
References 320
Index 322
Surface-Enhanced Vibrational Spectroelectrochemistry: Electric-Field Effects on Redox and Redox- Coupled Processes of Heme Proteins 323
1 Introduction 323
2 Strategy and Methodological Approach 324
3 Electric-Field Effects on the Interfacial Processes of Heme Proteins 331
4 Concluding Remarks 341
References 342
Index 344
Nanosensors Based on SERS for Applications in Living Cells 345
1 Reasons for Intracellular SERS Approaches 345
2 SERS Nanosensors for Probing of Intrinsic Cellular Chemistry 348
3 A Labeled Nanosensor Based on the SERS Signal of Indocyanine Green 352
4 Conclusions and Outlook 355
References 358
Index 359
Biomolecule Sensing with Adaptive Plasmonic Nanostructures 360
1 Introduction 360
2 Adaptive Plasmonic Nanostructures 361
3 SERS Features of Conformational States: Insulin 363
4 Ebola Virus after Pseudotyping 367
5 Tag-Free Antibody–Antigen Binding Detection 368
6 Protein-Binding Detection with Dye Displacement 371
7 Summary 372
References 373
Index 375
Glucose Sensing with Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 376
1 Introduction 376
2 SERS of Glucose 379
3 Reversibility and Real-Time Glucose Sensing 380
4 Quantitative Aspects of Glucose Sensing with SERS 383
5 Temporal Stability of the SERS Glucose Sensor 385
6 Conclusions 385
References 386
Index 388
Quantitative Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy for Analysis 389
1 Introduction 389
2 Experimental Approach 391
3 Examples of Analytical Methods 397
4 Analysis Using Individual Nanoparticles 402
5 Summary 403
References 403
Index 404
Rapid Analysis of Microbiological Systems Using SERS 405
1 Introduction 405
2 Spectroscopic Characterization of Micro-Organisms 406
3 Introduction to Multivariate Cluster Analysis 408
4 Identification of Micro-Organisms Using SERS 410
5 Monitoring Industrial Bioprocesses 411
6 Gene-Function Analysis 412
7 Concluding Remarks 414
References 414
Index 416
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering for Biomedical Diagnostics and Molecular Imaging 417
1 Introduction 417
2 Methods and Instrumentation 418
3 SERS Applications 422
4 Conclusion 431
References 433
Index 434
Ultrasensitive Immunoassays Based on Surface- Enhanced Raman Scattering by Immunogold Labels 435
1 Introduction 435
2 Assay Design 437
3 Spectroscopic Instrumentation 442
4 Maximization of Signal Strength 442
5 Assays 445
6 Showcasing Performance 448
7 Conclusions 451
References 452
Index 454
Detecting Chemical Agents and Their Hydrolysis Products in Water 455
1 Introduction 455
2 Experimental 456
3 Results and Discussion 457
4 Conclusions 465
References 466
Index 468
Index 469