Prentice Hall Laboratory Manual, Introductory Chemistry

EXPERIMENTS.

1. Chemistry is Fun!
Topic: The Scientific Method.


Instructor Demonstrations. Student Experiments.

2. How Heavy? How Big? How Hot?
Topic: The Metric System.


Mass Measurement. Length Measurement. Volume Measurement. Temperature Measurement. Time Measurement. Mass and Volume of an Unknown Rectangular Solid. Metric Estimations.

3. Sink or Float?
Topic: Density of Liquids and Solids.


Instructor Demonstration. Density of Water. Density of an Unknown Liquid. Density of a Rubber Stopper. Density of an Unknown Rectangular Sold. Thickness of Aluminum Foil.

4. Freezing and Melting.
Topic: Change of Physical State.


Cooling Curve - A Graphing Exercise. Melting Points.

5.Bubbles, Colors, Aromas.
Topic: Physical and Chemical Properties.


Physical Properties. Chemical Properties.

6. “Atomic Fingerprints”.
Topic: Emission Spectra and Electron Energy Levels.


Continuous Spectrum vs Line Spectrum. Identifying the Element in a Fluorescent Light. Hydrogen Emission Spectrum.

7. Flames and Fireworks.
Topic: Families of Elements in the Periodic Table.


Analysis of Known Solutions. Analysis of an Unknown Solution.

8. What's in the Solution? Part I.
Topic: Qualitative Cation Analysis.


Analysis of Known Solutions. Analysis of an Unknown Solution.

9. What's in the Solution? Part II.
Topic: Qualitative Anion Analysis.


Analysis of a Known Solution. Analysis of an Unknown Solution.

10. How Many Avocados in a Guacamole?
Topic: Avagadro's Number and the Mole Concept.


Calibrating a Dropper Pipet. Determining Avogadro's Number.

11. Igniting Magnesium and Copper Metals.
Topic: Empirical Formulas.


Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide. Empirical Formula of Copper Sulfide.

12. Analysis of Alum.
Topic: Percent Composition and Empirical Formula.


Percentage of Water in Alum Hydrate. Percentage of Water in an Unknown Hydrate. Water of Crystallization in an Unknown Hydrate.

13. Analysis of a Penny.
Topic: Writing Chemical Equations.


Combination Reactions - Instructor Demonstrations. Decomposition Reactions. Single-Replacement Reactions. Double-Replacement Reactions. Neutralization Reactions. Percentages of Copper and Zinc in a Penny.

14. Decomposing Baking Soda.
Topic: Mass-Mass Stoichiometry and Percent Yield.


Percent Yield of Sodium Carbonate. Percentage of Baking Soda in an Unknown Mixture.

15. Precipitating Calcium.
Topic: Mass-Mass Stoichiometry and Percent Yield.


Percent Yield of Calcium Phosphate. Percentage of Calcium Chloride in an Unknown Mixture.

16. Air, Nitrogen, Natural Gas.
Topic: Molar Mass, Molar Volume, and Combined Gas Law.


Collecting Experimental Data. Calculating the Mass of an Empty Flask. Molar Mass of Nitrogen Gas. Molar Mass of an Unknown Gas. Density of Natural Gas at STP.

17. Generating Hydrogen Gas.
Topic: Mass-Volume Stoichiometry and Combined Gas Law.


Molar Volume of Hydrogen Gas. Atomic Mass of an Unknown Metal.

18. Generating Oxygen Gas.
Mass-Volume Stoichiometry and Combined Gas Law.


Percentage of Potassium Chlorate in a Known Mixture. Percentage of Potassium Chlorate in an Unknown Mixture.

19. Building Molecular Models.
Topic: Chemical Bonding and Electron Dot Formulas.


Molecular Models with Single Bonds. Molecular Models with Double Bonds. Molecular Models with Triple Bonds. Molecular Models with Two Double Bonds. Unknown Molecular Models.

20. Analysis of Salt Water.
Topic: Solubility and Solution Concentration.


Solutes and Solvents. Rate of Dissolving. Demonstration of Supersaturation. Concentration of Sodium Chloride in Salt Water.

21. Analysis of Vinegar.
Topic: Acid-Base Titrations.


Preparation of Standard Sodium Hydroxide Solution. Concentration of Acetic Acid in Vinegar.

22. Solutions and Electricity.
Topic: Net Ionic Equations.


Conductivity Testing - Evidence for Ions in Aqueous Solution. Conductivity Testing - Evidence for a Chemical Reaction. Net Ionic Equations - A Study Assignment.

23. Reactions and Electrons.
Topic: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions.


Oxidation Numbers of Manganese. Oxidation Numbers of Chromium. Oxidation Numbers of Sulfur. Oxidation Numbers of Nitrogen. Oxidation-Reduction Equations. Activity Series and an Unknown Metal.

24. Alpha, Beta, Gamma.
Topic: Writing Nuclear Equations.


Natural Radioactivity. Uranium-235 Decay Series. Artificial Radioactivity.

25. Building Organic Models.
Topic: Classes of Compounds and Structural Formulas.


Molecular Models of Hydrocarbons. Molecular Models of Hydrocarbon Derivatives. Unknown Molecular Models.

APPENDICES.

A. Laboratory Burner.
B. Platform Balance.
C. Beam Balance.
D. Electronic Balance.
E. Volumetric Pipet.
F. Common Cations and Anions.
G. Activity Series.
H. Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds.
I. Glossary of Key Terms.
J. Answers to Prelaboratory Assignments.
Alphabetical List of Elements with Atomic Masses.
Periodic Table of the Elements.