Introduction to Geochemistry

Kula C. Misra is a Professor of Geology (Emeritus) at the University of Tennessee where he has taught geochemistry, economic geology, and environmental geology for more than 30 years. He received a M.Tech degree in Applied Geology from the Indian Institute of Technology (Kharagpur) and, after working for about ten years as a field geologist, a Ph.D. degree in Geology from the University of Western Ontario (Canada). His research papers have been published in several professional journals, and he is the author of the textbook Understanding Mineral Deposits published in the year 2000. He is a member of several professional organizations and has served as a consultant to corporations and government agencies on subjects related to mineral deposits and environmental geochemistry.

Preface, xiii 1 Introduction, 1 PART I CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY, 7 2 Atomic Structure, 9 3 Chemical Bonding, 23 PART II CHEMICAL REACTIONS, 49 4 Basic Thermodynamic Concepts, 51 5 Thermodynamics of Solutions, 79 6 Geothermometry and Geobarometry, 107 7 Reactions Involving Aqueous Solutions, 134 8 Oxidation Reduction Reactions, 167 9 Kinetics of Chemical Reactions, 197 PART III ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY, 223 10 Radiogenic Isotopes, 225 11 Stable Isotopes, 253 PART IV THE EARTH SUPERSYSTEM, 281 12 The Core Mantle Crust System, 283 13 The Crust Hydrosphere Atmosphere System, 326 APPENDIX 1 Units of measurement and physical constants, 372 APPENDIX 2 Electronic configurations of elements in ground state, 374 APPENDIX 3 First ionization potential, electron affinity, electronegativity (Pauling scale), and coordination numbers of selected elements, 377 APPENDIX 4 Thermodynamic symbols, 379 APPENDIX 5 Standard state (298.15 K, 105 Pa) thermodynamic data for selected elements, ionic species, and compounds, 382 APPENDIX 6 Fugacities of H2O and CO2 in the range 0.5 10.0 kbar and 200 1000 C, 396 APPENDIX 7 Equations for activity coefficients in multicomponent regular solid solutions, 398 APPENDIX 8 Some commonly used computer codes for modeling of geochemical processes in aqueous solutions, 400 APPENDIX 9 Solar system abundances of the elements in units of number of atoms per 106 silicon atoms, 402 APPENDIX 10 Answers to selected chapter end questions, 403 References, 406 Index, 431