Ophthalmic Clinical Procedures

Section 1 Pre-refraction Chapter 1.0 History and symptoms Chapter 1.1 Focimetry Chapter 1.2 Measurement of visual acuity Chapter 1.3 Tests for binocular fixation Chapter 1.4 Cover test Chapter 1.5 Oculo-motility testing Chapter 1.6 Interpupillary distance measurement Section 2 Refraction Chapter 2.0 Static retinoscopy (objective refraction) Chapter 2.1 Subjective refraction Chapter 2.2 Binocular balancing and binocular add Chapter 2.3 Determination of the near add Chapter 2.4 Near fixation retinoscopy (Mohindra technique) Chapter 2.5 Cycloplegic refraction Section 3 Post-refraction Chapter 3.0 Subjective measurements of heterophoria Chapter 3.1 Accommodative amplitude Chapter 3.2 Stereopsis and suppression Chapter 3.3 Determining the aligning sphere and prism using the Mallett Unit Chapter 3.4 Near point of convergence, jump convergence and fusional reserves Chapter 3.5 Prescribing tips and counselling Section 4 Ophthalmoscopy Chapter 4. 0 Direct ophthalmoscopy: anterior segment examination Chapter 4.1 Direct ophthalmoscopy: posterior segment Chapter 4.2 Modified monocular indirect ophthalmoscopy Chapter 4.3 Head mounted binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy Chapter 4.4 Slit lamp indirect ophthalmoscopy Chapter 4.5 Slit lamp direct ophthalmoscopy Section 5 Slit Lamp Chapter 5.0 Introduction Chapter 5.1 Examination of the external and anterior structures Chapter 5.2 Examination of the cornea Chapter 5.3 Staining agents Chapter 5.4 Tear evaluation Chapter 5.5 Examination of the anterior chamber Chapter 5.6 Examination of the crystalline lens Chapter 5.7 Examination of the iris Chapter 5.8 Examination of the vitreous Section 6 Tonometry Chapter 6.0 American Optical Non-contact Tonometer Chapter 6.1 Pulsair non-contact tonometer Chapter 6.2 Goldmann applanation tonometry Chapter 6.3 Perkins Tonometer Section 7 Visual Field Analysis Chapter 7.0 Visual field analysis - instrument and patient set up Chapter 7.1 Gross perimetry-confrontation and peripheral fields Chapter 7.2 Bjerrum screen Chapter 7.3 Goldmann perimetry Chapter 7.4 Humphrey visual field analyser Chapter 7.5 Henson Pro visual field analyser Section 8 Advances Investigation Chapter 8.0 Assessment of pupil function Chapter 8.1 Amsler Grid Chapter 8.2 Red Dot Test Chapter 8.3 Colour vision testing Chapter 8.4 Pelli-Robson Contrast Test Chapter 8.5 Gonioscopy Section 9 Specialised BV Chapter 9.0 Measures of accommodation Chapter 9.1 Vergence facility Chapter 9.2 Determination of the AC/A ratio Chapter 9.3 Detection of ARC using the Mallett Unit Chapter 9.4 Detection of ARC using Bagolini Lenses Chapter 9.5 Eccentric fixation Section 10 Contact Lenses Ch 10.0 Keratometry Chapter 10.1 Non-invasive tear assessment Chapter 10.2 Soft lens insertion and removal Chapter 10.3 Soft lens fit assessment Chapter 10.4 Gas permeable lens insertion, removal and recentration Chapter 10.5 Gas permeable lens fit assessment Chapter 10.6 Lid eversion Glossary