Pain in Children and Adults with Developmental Disabilities

Tim F. Oberlander, M.D., FRCPC, is a developmental pediatrician at British Columbia Childrena (TM)s Hospital (BCCH) in Vancouver. He is Associate Professor in the Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia (UBC), and the inaugural recipient of the R. Howard Webster Professorship in Child Development. He is supported by a Senior Scholar Award from the Human Early Learning Partnership (HELP) at UBC and is a faculty member of the Centre for Community Child Health Research. Dr. Oberlander completed medical school training at Queena (TM)s University in Kingston and a residency in pediatrics at Montreal Childrena (TM)s Hospital/McGill University. Fellowship training included developmental pediatrics in Montreal and pediatric pain management in Boston at Childrena (TM)s Hospital. He joined the UBC Department of Pediatrics in 1993 and is a clinician with the Child Development and Rehabilitation Program as well as an attending physician with the Complex Pain Service at BCCH. As a clinician he works with children with complex pain and developmental disabilities as well as infants and children with prenatal alcohol and drug exposure. Dr. Oberlandera (TM)s research focuses on two areas: The first is directed at understanding the influence of early biological and environmental factors on childhood development. This work seeks to understand how prenatal exposure to psychotropic medications and drugs (e.g., antidepressants, alcohol) and depressed maternal mood alter the developing brain and contribute to development and behavior during infancy and childhood. A second area of research focuses on understanding pain in children with developmental disabilities. With colleagues he is studying pain reactivity in infants and children following neonatal intensive care and pain in children with cognitive and social impairments. Dr. Oberlandera (TM)s work has been supported by funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Michael Smith Foundation for Medical Research, HELP, and the March of Dimes Foundation. Primary research activities of Frank J. Symons, Ph.D., are supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), and they focus on improving the assessment and treatment of severe self-injurious behavior among individuals with developmental disabilities and pervasive developmental disorders. Dr. Symons was a research scientist at the Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and a postdoctoral fellow at the John F. Kennedy Center at the Peabody College of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. He is the co-author of Behavioral Observation: Technology and Applications in Developmental Disabilities (Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 2000). Dick Sobsey, Ed.D., Professor Emeritus, Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Dr. Sobsey has worked with children and adults with severe and multiple disabilities since 1968 as a nurse, teacher, and researcher. He taught courses on teaching students with severe disabilities and inclusive education at the University of Alberta from 1982 to 2005. He also served as Director of the J.P. Das Centre on Developmental and Learning Disabilities from 1994 2008 and the John Dossetor Health Ethics Centre from 2006 to 2011. He is the father of an adult son with severe and multiple disabilities due to MECP2 (methyl CpG binding protein 2) duplication syndrome.

Foreword Ron Barr; Preface; Introduction to the Problem of Pain in Developmental Disability Tim F. Oberlander, Kenneth D. Craig, & Frank J. Symons; Pain: Foundational Issues; The Construct and Definition of Pain in Disability; Kenneth D. Craig; Ethical Issues and Pain in Disability Dick Sobsey Overview of Pain Mechanisms: Neuroanatomical and Neurophysiological Processes Lois J. Kehl & Gary Goldetsky; Pain: Epidemiological, Developmental, and Functional Issues; The Epidemiology of Pain in Developmental Disabilities Shauna Bottos & Christine Chambers; Developmental Issues in Acute and Chronic Pain in Developmental Disabilities Lynn M. Breau, Bonnie Stevens, & Ruth Eckstein Gruneau; Pain in Individuals with Cerebral Palsy Joyce M. Engel & Deborah Kartin; Pain, Health Conditions, and Problem Behavior in People with Developmental Disabilities Craig H. Kennedy & Mark F. O'Reilly; Pain: Assessment and Treatment Issues; Developing a Conceptual Framework: Applying the ICF Classification to Pain Assessment and Management Maureen O'Donnell & James Rice; Assessing Pediatric Pain and Developmental Disabilities Lynn Breau, Pat McGrath, & Zabalia; Assessing Pain in Adults with Developmental Disabilities Vickie Harper, Jodie Deacon, & James W. Bodfish; Pharmacological Management of Pain in Children and Youth with Developmental Disabilities Anna Taddio & Tim F. Oberlander; Epilogue; Pain in Developmental Disabilities: Lessons Learned Neil Schecter; Pain in Developmental Disabilities: New Directions for Research and Practice Tim F. Oberlander & Frank J. Symons.