Breastfeeding and neonatology

Prematurity continues to cause public health concerns and accounts for the majority of perinatal morbidity and mortality, which can have repercussions in terms of immediate damage and late sequelae. Among the most important strategies that significantly contribute to reducing the risks for this population is breastfeeding. In addition to being the best food for babies, breast milk contributes to a reduction of up to 13% in infant mortality in children under five years of age (LARA, 2021). Breastfeeding, however, is still a challenge, especially in neonatal units. And if breastfeeding is not constantly encouraged, maintaining milk production can be compromised. With the aim of reducing neonatal mortality rates and improving care for newborns in maternity hospitals, the Ministry of Health (MoH), through the General Coordination of Child Health and Breastfeeding (CGSCAM/DAPES/SAS), established the QualiNEO Strategy. This strategy is made up of ten steps, the fourth of which is: "Feed the newborn (NB) as early as possible and preferably with the baby's milk.