Human Retrovirus Protocols

Methods for Virus Isolation and Detection.- Enhanced Culture Assay for Detection and Quantitation of Latently Infected, Resting CD4+ T-Cells Carrying Replication-Competent Virus in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.- Isolation, Propagation, and Titration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Peripheral Blood of Infected Individuals.- Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Peripheral Blood Monocytes.- Isolation, Propagation, and HIV-1 Infection of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages and Recovery of Virus From Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid.- Isolation and HIV-1 Infection of Primary Human Microglia From Fetal and Adult Tissue.- Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 From Semen and Vaginal Fluids.- Isolation and Quantification of HIV From Lymph Nodes.- Isolation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Biological Clones From Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes.- Isolation and Confirmation of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 From Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.- Isolation of Foamy Viruses From Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes.- Alu-LTR Real-Time Nested PCR Assay for Quantifying Integrated HIV-1 DNA.- Quantification of HFV-Integrated DNA in Human Cells by Alu-LTR Real-Time PCR.- Detection of HIV-1 Provirus and RNA by In Situ Amplification.- Detection of HTLV-1 Gene on Cytologic Smear Slides.- Detection of HIV-2 by PCR.- Quantitation of HIV-1 Viral RNA in Blood Plasma and Genital Secretions.- Quantification of Proviral DNA Load of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Subtypes A and B Using Real-Time PCR.- Plasma RNA Viral Load in HIV-1 Group O Infection by Real-Time PCR.- A New Combined HIV p24 Antigen and Anti-HIV-1/2/O Screening Assay.- A New Automated Fourth-Generation HIV Screening Assay With Sensitive Antigen Detection Module and High Specificity.- Detection of Antiviral Antibodies Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.- Plaque-Reduction Assays for Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Neutralization.- Detection of Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Strains.- Molecular Biology Methods.- Determination of Cell Tropism of HIV-1.- Determination of Co-Receptor Usage of HIV-1.- Quantitative Evaluation of HIV and SIV Co-Receptor Use With GHOST(3) Cell Assay.- Phenotypic Characterization of Blood Monocytes From HIV-Infected Individuals.- Methods to Determine HIV-1 Ex Vivo Fitness.- A Yeast Recombination-Based Cloning System to Produce Chimeric HIV-1 Viruses and Express HIV-1 Genes.- PCR Amplification, Cloning, and Construction of HIV-1 Infectious Molecular Clones From Virtually Full-Length HIV-1 Genomes.- Amplification and Cloning of Near Full-Length HIV-2 Genomes.- Growth and Manipulation of a Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 2 Full-Length Molecular Clone.- Construction and Analysis of Genomic, Full-Length Infectious Foamy Virus DNA Clones.- Molecular Characterization of Proteolytic Processing of the Gag Proteins of Human Spumaretrovirus.- Assessing the Relative Efficacy of Antiretroviral Activity of Different Drugs on Macrophages.- Gene Expression Profiling of HIV-1 Infection Using cDNA Microarrays.- Determination of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR Repeat Region Variations.