Formation of Visual Images

1 Methods of Investigating Activity of the Visual System Using Stabilized Images and Free Examination.- 1.1. Characteristics of Methods of Stabilizing Images Relative to the Retina.- 1.2. Increasing the Time of Perception of Images Stabilized on the Retina.- 1.3. Experimental Methods of Stabilizing Images for Use in Research.- 1.3.1. Stabilizing Images With an External Source of Light.- 1.3.2. Stabilization Permitting Alternation of Presented Images.- 1.4. Recording Eye Movements Used in Research.- 1.4.1. Optical Recording of Macromovements of the Eyes under Stabilization Conditions and during Free Examination.- 1.4.2. Recording Eye Movements by Means of an Electromagnetic Detector.- 1.4.3. Recording Micromovements of the Eye under theConditions of Stabilized Images and Free Examination.- 1.5. Electroluminescent Sources in the Investigation of Visual Perception.- 1.6. Artificial Restriction in the Field of Vision..- 1.7. Conclusion.- 2 New Data on Perception under Stabilization Conditions.- 2.1. Perceptual Actions and the Problem of the Successiveness and Simultaneity of Perception.- 2.2. Comparative Investigation of Perceptual Processes under Free Examination and Stabilization Conditions.- 2.2.1. Tasks Presented to the Subjects.- 2.2.2. Experimental Results.- 2.3. Discussion.- 2.3.1. Vicarious Actions and Simultaneous Identification.- 3 Manipulative Ability of the Visual System and the Problem of Image Invariance.- 3.1. The Problem.- 3.2. Tests Used on Subjects.- 3.2.1. Reversible Shapes.- 3.2.2. Tests for Studying Apparent Movement.- 3.3. Experimental Results.- 3.3.1. Observation of Reversible Shapes.- 3.3.2. Observation of Apparent Movement.- 3.4. Discussion.- 4 Investigation of Vicarious Actions in the Context of Intellectual Problems.- 4.1. A Further Contribution to the Simulation Hypothesis.- 4.2. Orienting and Investigative Activity.- 4.3. Perceptual Elements of Productive Activity.- 4.3.1. Visualization in Problem Solving.- 4.4. Visualization during Problem Solving.- 4.5. Conclusion.- 5 A Functional Model of the Sensory Component of the Visual System.- 5.1. Characteristics.- 5.2. Illustrations of Properties.- 5.2.1. The Laws of Plateau and Talbot.- 5.2.2. Fluctuations of CFF.- 5.2.3. Aftercontrast.- 5.2.4. Afterimage.- 5.3. Experimental Verification.- 5.3.1. Destabilization Function of Macromovements of the Eyes.- 5.3.2. Short-term Visual Memory.- Literature Cited.