Bioceramics (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Bioceramics 2
Copyright Page 3
Table of Contents 6
Preface 4
Organising Committee 5
Part I: Alumina Ceramics 12
Chapter 1. Osteogenic Response of Rat Bone Marrow Cells in Porous Alumina, Hydroxyapatite and Kiel Bone 14
ABSTRACT 14
INTRODUCTION 14
IMPLANT MATERIALS 14
METHOD 15
RESULTS 15
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 18
Chapter 2. Ceramic Surfaces as Wear Partners for Polyethylene 20
ABSTRACT 20
INTRODUCTION 20
MATERIAL AND METHOD 21
RESULTS 22
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 24
REFERENCES 26
Chapter 3. Comparative Studies of Plasma Sprayed Alumina Coatings Aiming at Hard Tissue Substitutions 28
ABSTRACT 28
INTRODUCTION 28
METHOD AND RESULTS 29
RESULTS 31
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 36
REFERENCES 37
Chapter 4. Ten Year Surviorship of Cemented Ceramic-Ceramic Total Hip Replacement 38
Abstract 38
Introduction 38
Materials and methods 40
Results 40
Survivorhip analysis 42
Discussion 45
Conclusion 47
REFERENCES 47
Chapter 6. Alumina Total Joint Replacement of the First Metatarso-Phalangeal Joint 50
ABSTRACT 50
INTRODUCTION 50
PROSTHETIC MATERIAL 50
PROSTHETIC DESIGN 51
BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS 51
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE 53
RESULTS 54
CONCLUSIONS 56
ACKNOLEDGMENTS 56
REFERENCES 56
Chapter 7. Histological Study of Acetabular Clear Zone after Acetabular Reaming for Hip Arthoplasty using an Alumina Ceramic Endoprosthesis and a Metal One 
58 
ABSTRACT 58
INTRODUCTION 58
MATERIALS AND METHODS 58
RESULTS 59
DISCUSSION 63
CONCLUSIONS 64
REFERENCES 65
Part II: Preparation of Bioactive Ceramics 66
Chapter 8. Apatite Chemistry in Biomaterial Preparation, Shaping and Biological Behaviour 
68 
ABSTRACT 68
APATITE WET CHEMISTRY 68
APATITE THERMAL STABILITY 71
APATITE SURFACE PROPERTIES 72
CONCLUSION 74
REFERENCES 74
Chapter 9. Crystal Chemistry and Biocompatibility of a-TCP produced from ß-TCP by a Plasma Spraying Technique 76
Abstract 76
Introduction 76
Materials and Methods 76
Results and Discussion 77
Conclusion 77
Chapter 10. The Production and Characterisation of a Hydroxyapatite Ceramic Material 82
ABSTRACT 82
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 82
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS 87
REFERENCES 88
Chapter 11. Preliminary Studies on Castable Apatite-Mullite Glass-Ceramics 90
ABSTRACT 90
INTRODUCTION 90
EXPERIMENTAL 91
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 92
CONCLUSIONS 97
REFERENCES 97
Chapter 12. Effect of Strontium Content on the Mechanical Properties of Bone and Sintered Hydroxyapatite 98
Abstract 98
Introduction 98
Methods and Results 98
Conclusion 101
References 101
Chapter 13. Slip Casting of Hydroxyapatite with Differential Porosity 102
ABSTRACT 102
INTRODUCTION 102
EXPERIMENTAL 103
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 103
CONCLUSIONS 108
REFERENCES 108
Chapter 14. Development and Use of an Injectable Form of Bioglass 110
ABSTRACT 110
INTRODUCTION 110
MATERIALS AND METHODS 111
RESULTS 112
CONCLUSIONS 113
REFERENCES 114
Part III: Bioactive Glasses and Ceramics In Vitro 116
Chapter 15. Crystallographic Aspects of the Growth of Calcium Phosphate on Type I Collagen and Hydroxyapatite 
118 
ABSTRACT 118
INTRODUCTION 118
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 119
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 119
CONCLUSIONS 122
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 123
REFERENCES 123
Chapter 16. Apatite Formation on Ceramics, Metals and Polymers Induced by a CaO S1O2 Based Glass in a Simulated Body Fluid 124
ABSTRACT 124
INTRODUCTION 124
EXPERIMENTAL 125
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 126
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 131
REFERENCES 131
Chapter 17. Resorption of Calcium Hydroxyapatite Substrata by Osteoclast-like Cells in Vitro 
132 
ABSTRACT 132
INTRODUCTION 132
MATERIALS AND METHODS 133
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 136
CONCLUSION 136
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 137
REFERENCES 137
Chapter 18. Reactions in and at the Surface of Bioactive Glasses in Aqueous Solutions 138
ABSTRACT 138
INTRODUCTION 138
MATERIALS AND METHODS 139
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 139
CONCLUSIONS 143
REFERENCES 144
Chapter 19. In Vitro Dissolution and Precipitation of Calcium Phosphate Phases onVarious Biomaterials Correlates with in Vivo Bioactivity 146
ABSTRACT 146
INTRODUCTION 146
MATERIALS AND METHODS 147
RESULTS 148
DISCUSSION 150
CONCLUSION 155
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 155
REFERENCES 155
Chapter 20. Influence of Metal Ions on the Dissolution Behaviour of Hydroxyapatite 156
ABSTRACT 156
INTRODUCTION 156
MATERIALS AND METHODS 157
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 158
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 163
REFERENCES 163
Chapter 21. The Kinetics of Bioactive Ceramics Part III: Surface Reactions for Bioactive Glasses compared with an Inactive Glass 166
ABSTRACT 166
INTRODUCTION 166
EXPERIMENTAL METHOD 168
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS 168
DISCUSSION 172
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 172
REFERENCES 173
Part IV: Bioactive Glasses and Ceramics In Vivo 
174 
Chapter 22. Differences in Bone Bonding Mechanisms between Surface Active Ceramics & Resorbable Ceramics: Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopic Stu
176 
ABSTRACT 176
INTRODUCTION 176
MATERIALS 177
METHODS 177
RESULTS 177
DISCUSSION and CONCLUSIONS 180
Chapter 23. Characterization of Bone-Glass Ceramic Interface 182
ABSTRACT 182
INTRODUCTION 182
METHOD AND RESULTS 184
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 187
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 188
REFERENCES 189
Chapter 24. A Histological and Ultrastructural Assessment of the Tissue Response to Calcium Phosphate Ceramics 
190 
ABSTRACT 190
INTRODUCTION 190
METHODS 191
RESULTS 192
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 195
REFERENCES 196
Chapter 25. In Vivo Response to Ceramic Percutaneous Implants 198
ABSTRACT 198
INTRODUCTION 198
MATERIALS AND METHODS 198
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 200
CONCLUSIONS 201
REFERENCES 201
Chapter 26. Replacing Behaviour of Tetra-Calciumphosphate (TeCP) - Alteration to Bone Tissue In Vivo 
202 
ABSTRACT 202
INTRODUCTION 202
MATERIALS 202
METHODS 203
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 203
CONCLUSION 208
REFERENCES 208
Chapter 27. Bone Interfaces with Retrieved Alumina and Hydroxyapatite Ceramics 210
ABSTRACT 210
INTRODUCTION 210
MATERIALS AND METHODS 211
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 211
CONCLUSION 214
REFERENCES 214
Chapter 28. Modified Hydroxyapatite Granules and Plaster as Binder: In Vitro and Clinical Tests 216
ABSTRACT 216
INTRODUCTION 216
MATERIALS AND METHODS 217
RESULTS AND DISCCUSION 218
CONCLUSIONS 222
BIBLIOGRAPHY 222
Chapter 29. Osteogenic Capacity of Hydroxyapatite Coated Porous Calcium Carbonate Implants 224
ABSTRACT 224
INTRODUCTION 224
METHOD 225
RESULTS 226
DISCUSSION 229
REFERENCES 230
Part V: Clinical Uses of Bioactive Ceramics 
232 
Chapter 30. Clinical Applications of Hydroxyapatite Artifical Root of Fibrous Tissue Attachment Type 234
ABSTRACT 234
INTRODUCTION 234
MATERIAL AND METHOD 234
ARTIFICIAL ROOT THERAPEUTICS 235
RESULTS OF ARTIFICIAL ROOT THERAPEUTICS 237
DISCUSSION 238
REFERENCES 241
Chapter 31. Dental Applications of Bioglass® Implants 242
ABSTRACT 242
INTRODUCTION 242
HYDROXYAPATITE CONE IMPLANTS 243
BIOGLASS CONE IMPLANTS 247
MATERIALS DIFFERENCES 247
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 248
REFERENCES 248
Chapter 32. Hydroxyapatite-Polyethylene Composite in Orbital Surgery 250
ABSTRACT 250
INTRODUCTION 250
DESIGN/MANUFACTUR4,7 
251 
PATIENTS AND METHODS 252
RESULTS 253
DISCUSSION 255
CONCLUSION 256
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 256
REFERENCES 257
Chapter 33. Solo Implantation of Porous Cuboidal Hydroxyapatite for the Treatment of Simple Bone Cysts 258
ABSRACT 258
INTRODUCTION 258
MATERIALS AND METHOD 258
RESULTS 260
REPRESENTATIVE CASES 260
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 262
REFERENCES 265
Chapter 34. Hyperthermic Treatment of Experimental Bone Tumours with a Bioactive Ferromagnetic Glass-Ceramic 266
ABSTRACT 266
INTRODUCTION 266
MATERIALS 266
METHODS 267
RESULTS 269
DISCUSSION 271
REFERENCES 272
Chapter 36. Clinical Application of Hydroxyapatite Fillers for Pyogenic Osteomyelitis 274
ABSTRACT 274
INTRODUCTION 274
PATIENTS 274
MATERIALS AND METHODS 275
CASE REPORTS 275
RESELTS 280
DISCUSSION 281
REFERENCES 281
Part VI: Ceramic Composites and Bioactive Bone Cements 282
Chapter 37. Carbon Fibre Re-inforced Ceramic Composite for Biomaterials 284
Abstract 284
Introduction 284
Materials 284
Methods 285
Results 286
Discussion 290
MATERIALS AND METHODS 293
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 294
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 295
REFERENCES 297
Chapter 38. Coral Based and Sintered Hydroxylapatite Blocks Reinforced with Fibrous Cage-like Polylactide Composite: A Comparative Study 
298 
ABSTRACT 298
INTRODUCTION 298
RESULTS 300
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 303
REFERENCES 304
Chapter 39. A Novel Bioactive Bone Cement based on CaO-SiO2-P2Os-CaF2 Glass 306
ABSTRACT 306
INTRODUCTION 306
MATERIALS AND METHODS 306
METHOD AND RESULTS 307
CONCLUSIONS 312
MATERIALS & METHODS
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
References 318
Part VII: Hydroxyapatite Coatings 320
Chapter 40. Ultrastructural, Crystallographic and Chemical Analysis of Different Calcium Phosphate Plasma Coatings Before Implantation 
322 
ABSTRACT 322
INTRODUCTION 322
MATERIAL AND METHODS 323
RESULTS 323
DISCUSSION 325
REFERENCES 326
Chapter 41. Biphasic Calcium Phosphate and HA Coated Implants: Mechanical Test and Biological Evaluations After Implantation in Rabbit Cortical Bone 
328 
ABSTRACT 328
INTRODUCTION 328
MATERIALS and METHODS 329
RESULTS 330
DISCUSSION 334
REFERENCES 334
Chapter 42. Electrochemical Impedance Studies on Calcium Phosphate-Metal Interfaces 336
ABSTRACT 336
INTRODUCTION 336
MATERIALS AND METHODS 337
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 338
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 343
REFERENCES 343
Chapter 43. Porous Titanium Implants with and without Hydroxyapatite Coating: A Biomechanical Study 
346 
ABSTRACT 346
INTRODUCTION 346
MATERIALS AND METHODS 346
RESULTS 348
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS 351
REFERENCES 352
Chapter 44. Mechanical Characterisation of Plasma-Sprayed Hydroxyapatite-Titanium Alloy Interfaces 354
ABSTRACT 354
INTRODUCTION 354
METHOD AND RESULTS 355
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 358
CONCLUSIONS 360
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 361
REFERENCES 361
Chapter 45. Osseointegration of Hydroxyapatite Coated and Un-coated pure Titanium mesh Implants in an Infected Implantation Site. Results of an Animal Experiment, 
362 
ABSTRACT 362
INTRODUCTION 362
MATERIAL AND METHODS 362
RESULTS 363
DISCUSSION 365
REFERENCES 368
Chapter 46. Cell Material Adhesion and Cytoskeletons 370
ABSTRACT 370
INTRODUCTION 370
MATERIALS AND METHODS 370
RESULTS 371
DISCUSSION 371
REFERENCES 373
Chapter 47. Endodontic-Endosseos Anchoring Method using Hydroxyapatite Sprayed Titanium Sticks 374
ABSTRACT 374
INTRODUCTION 374
MATERIAL AND METHODS 374
RESULTS 375
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 379
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 380
REFERENCES 380
Index 382
Author Index 384
Subject Index 386