Protides of the Biological Fluids (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Protides of the Biological Fluids 4
Copyright Page 5
Table of Contents 6
Preface 18
Acknowledgements 19
PART 1: THE THIRD ARNE TISELIUS MEMORIAL LECTURE 20
Chapter 1. Relation between Structure and Biologic Function of the Protease Inhibitors in the Extracellular Fluid 22
REFERENCES 31
SECTION A: Pro teins of the Intercellular Matrix 32
Chapter 2. Cellular Differentiation and the Morphogenesis of the Intercellular Matrix 34
ROLE OF THE ICM IN MORPHOGENESIS 36
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 39
REFERENCES 39
Chapter 3. The Role of Extracellular Matrix Macromolecules upon Cell Differentiation 42
INTRODUCTION 42
ISSUES RELATED TO CELL DIFFERENTIATION 42
THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PHENOTYPE OF DIFFERENTIATING CELLS 43
EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL INTERACTIONS DURING ODONTOGENESIS 45
REFERENCES 50
Chapter 4. Ultrastructural Study of the Fibroblastic Activities of Multipotent Cells in the Mollusc: Helix aspersaA 52
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 52
CONCLUSIONS 58
REFERENCES 58
Chapter 5. Isolation and Culture Techniques of Fetal Calf Chondrocytes 60
MATERIAL AND METHODS 60
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 61
CONCLUSIONS 64
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 64
REFERENCES 64
Chapter 6. Control of Ameloblasts Cytodifferentiation 66
1. INTRODUCTION 66
2. METHODS 66
3. RESULTS 66
4. DISCUSSION 68
REFERENCES 69
Chapter 7. Periaxial Extracellular Material and Vertebral Chondrogenesis 70
VERTEBRAL CHONDROGENESIS 70
THE PERIAXIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATERIAL 72
ROLE OF THE PERIAXIAL MATERIAL 72
CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION 76
REFERENCES 77
Chapter 8. Collagen Resorption in Sponges: Involvement of Bacteria and Macrophages 78
MATERIAL AND METHODS 78
RESULTS 78
DISCUSSION 82
REFERENCES 82
Chapter 9. Calcite and Collagen in the Skeleton of the Cnidaria Veretillum cynomorium Pall. (Anthozoa. Pennatulidae) 84
MATERIAL AND METHODS 84
RESULTS 86
DISCUSSION 88
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 88
REFERENCES 88
Chapter 10. Influence of Some Purified Plasma Proteins on Collagen Synthesis in vitro 90
MATERIALS AND METHODS 90
RESULTS 92
DISCUSSION 93
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 93
REFERENCES 93
Chapter 11. In vitro Effects of D(—)penicillamine on Collagen Synthesisby Human Fibroblasts 94
REFERENCES 97
Chapter 12. Studies on Collagen in the Developing Arteries of the Chick 98
REFERENCES 101
Chapter 13. Post-translational Processing of Procollagen Polypeptides 102
REFERENCES 104
Chapter 14. The Function of Borohydride Reducible Componentsof Collagen 106
INTRODUCTION 106
CARTILAGE AND BONE COLLAGEN 106
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 109
REFERENCES 109
Chapter 15. Stability of Collagens from Articular Cartilage and from theHeart Valves of Pigs.Study of Collagen—Proteoglycan Interactions 110
MATERIALS AND METHODS 110
SHRINKAGE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT 110
DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS (D.T.A.) 111
X-RAY DIFFRACTION 111
PROTEOGLYCAN EXTRACTION 111
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 111
RESULTS 111
DISCUSSION 114
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 114
REFERENCES 114
Chapter 16. Confirmation and Additional Features of the Planar Waveform in Collagen Fibre 116
INTRODUCTION 116
REFERENCES 119
Chapter 17. Identification of Two Molecular Species of Collagen in Mammalian Intervertebral Disc 120
INTRODUCTION 120
MATERIALS AND METHODS 120
RESULTS 121
DISCUSSION 125
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 125
REFERENCES 125
Chapter 18. Collagen Crosslinking in Inflamed Tissues 126
REFERENCES 129
Chapter 19. Collagen and Proteoglycans Extraction from Normal and Osteo-arthritic Human Articular Cartilage 130
INTRODUCTION 130
MATERIALS 130
METHODS 130
RESULTS 131
DISCUSSION 133
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 134
REFERENCES 134
Chapter 20. Bone in Dermatosparaxis 136
REFERENCES 139
Chapter 21. Urinary Excretion of Hydroxylysyl Glycosides as anIndex of Collagen Metabolism in Disease 140
INTRODUCTION 140
MATERIAL AND METHODS 140
RESULTS 141
DISCUSSION 143
REFERENCES 144
Chapter 22. Non-polar Pep tide s from Elastin 146
INTRODUCTION 146
MATERIALS AND METHODS 146
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 148
REFERENCES 154
Chapter 23. The Ultrastructural Organization of Elastin 156
SUMMARY 156
REFERENCES 163
Chapter 24. Isolation of Chemically Pure Elastins in a Form Suitable for Mechanical Testing 164
REFERENCES 167
Chapter 25. Electron Microscopical Studies on the Role of Microfibrils in Elastogenesis 168
MATERIALS AND METHODS 168
RESULTS 168
DISCUSSION 172
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 174
REFERENCES 174
Chapter 26. Organ-Culture Studies on the Biosynthesis of Intercellular Macromolecules of Aorta 176
MATERIAL AND METHODS 176
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 176
CONCLUSIONS 178
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 178
REFERENCES 178
Chapter 27. Isolation and Characterization of a Highly Cross-linked Peptide of Elastin from Porcine A orta 180
INTRODUCTION 180
MATERIALS AND METHODS 180
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 182
REFERENCES 183
Chapter 28. Characterization of Lipid Classes associated with ElastinIsolated from Normal and Pathological Human Aorta 186
INTRODUCTION 186
MATERIALS AND METHODS 186
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 186
CONCLUSIONS 188
REFERENCES 189
Chapter 29. Structure and Aggregation of Proteoglycans of Cartilage 190
METHODS 190
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 190
CONCLUSION 195
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 195
REFERENCES 195
Chapter 30. Structure of Cartilage Proteoglycans and Their Interaction with Some Intercellular Matrix Components 196
METHODS 196
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 196
CONCLUSIONS 201
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 201
REFERENCES 201
Chapter 31. Structure of L-iduronic Acid-Sulphate-containing Oligosaccharides from Pig Skin Dermatan Sulphate 202
MATERIALS 202
METHODS 202
DISCUSSION 209
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 210
REFERENCES 210
Chapter 32. Chemical and Electron Microscopic Studies on Proteoglycans of Guinea Pig Costal Cartilage 212
CHEMICAL STUDIES 212
ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES 213
CONCLUSIONS 217
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 218
REFERENCES 218
Chapter 33. Gel Electrophoresis of Proteoglycans and Collagen from Normal and Abnormal Growth Cartilage 220
METHODS 220
MATERIAL STUDIED 220
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 221
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 223
REFERENCES 223
Chapter 34. The Control of the Early Steps in Polysaccharide Synthesis 224
THE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE REACTION 224
PYROPHOSPHORYLASES IN OTHER TISSUES 226
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PYROPHOSPHORYLYSIS REACTIONS 228
CONTROL OF THE EARLY STEPS OF SUGAR NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM 229
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 229
REFERENCES 230
Chapter 35. UDP-Glucose: A Key Branch-point in the Regulation of Glycosaminoglycan Biosynthesis 232
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 235
REFERENCES 236
Chapter 36. Different Types of Chondroitin Sulfate-Dermatan Sulfate Hybrids in Arterial Tissue 238
1. METABOLIC HETEROGENEITY OF AORTIC HYALURONATE, HEPARAN SULFATE AND THE CHONDROITIN SULFATE/DERMATAN SULFATE FRACTION 238
2. 14C-LABELLED CS-DS SUBFRACTIONS 239
3. METABOLIC HETEROGENEITY OF DIFFERENT CS-DS HYBRIDS 241
CONCLUDING REMARKS 244
REFERENCES 245
Chapter 37. Incorporation of N-acetyl-D(l14 C)-Glucosamine in the Cartilage of a Selacian, Scyliorhinus canicula 246
ACTIVITY OF THE ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE METABOLISM OF N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE 246
INCORPORATION OF N-ACETYL-D(I14C)-GLUCOSAMINE INTO THE GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS 247
REFERENCES 250
Chapter 38. Biosynthesis of Acid Mucopolysaccharides by the Surviving Newborn Rat Skin 252
REFERENCES 256
Chapter 39. Biosynthesis of Chondroitin Sulfate Proteins. Isolation of an Insoluble Priming Pool Feeding One Collagen-bound and Three Soluble Pools with Heterogeneous Proteoglycans 258
I. EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES 258
II. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 259
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 261
REFERENCES 261
Chapter 40. The Variations of Bovine Cartilage Proteoglycans with Age 264
INTRODUCTION 264
MATERIALS AND METHODS 264
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 265
REFERENCES 268
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 268
Chapter 41. Distribution and Biosynthesis of Glycosaminoglycans in Arterial Wall 270
REFERENCES 273
Chapter 42. Acid Mucopolysaccharides in Normal and Atherosclerotic Tissues: A Comparative Study 274
INTRODUCTION 274
MATERIAL AND METHODS 274
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 274
REFERENCES 276
Chapter 43. Analysis of Urinary Mucopolysaccharides from Mucopolysaccharidose Cases by Gas-Liquid Chromatography 278
REFERENCES 281
Chapter 44. Sulfatase Deficiencies in Mucopolysaccharidoses 282
1. DIAGNOSIS OF SANFILIPPO A DISEASE FROM LEUKOCYTES AND CULTURED AMNIOTIC FLUID CELLS 282
2. DEFICIENCY OF SULFOIDURONIDE SULFATASE AND HEPARAN SULFATE SULFAMIDASE IN MUCOSULFATIDOSIS FIBROBLASTS 284
3. DEFICIENCY OF A SULFATASE ASSOCIATED WITH MAROTEAUX-LAMY'S DISEASE 284
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 285
REFERENCES 285
Chapter 45. The Proteoglycans of Articular Cartilage in Early Experimental Osteoarthrosis 288
METHODS 288
DISSECTION OF CARTILAGE 288
EXTRACTION OF PROTEOGLYCANS 289
RESULTS 289
DISCUSSION 292
REFERENCES 293
Chapter 46. Specificity of Pinocytosis of a-N-acetylglucosaminidase by Fibroblasts 294
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 297
REFERENCES 297
Chapter 47. The Effect of O-ß-hydroxyaethylrutoside and (+)-catechine on Sulfate Incorporation of Fibroblasts inTissue Culture 298
INTRODUCTION 298
RESULTS 298
SUMMARY 300
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 301
ADDENDUM 301
REFERENCES 301
Chapter 48. Isolation and Primary Characterization of a Non-collagenous Reticulin Component 302
MATERIAL AND METHODS 302
RESULTS 303
REFERENCES 304
Chapter 49. The Isolation and Characterization of Non-Collagenous Proteins from the Intercellular Matrix 306
REFERENCES 308
Chapter 50. Isolation and Structural Study of Glycoproteins associated with Rabbit and Rat Dermis Collagen 310
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS 310
RESULTS 310
DISCUSSION 314
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 315
REFERENCES 315
Chapter 51. Structural Glycoproteins from Connective Tissues 316
MATERIAL AND METHODS 316
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 318
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 320
REFERENCES 320
Chapter 52. An Immunohistological Study of the Distribution of Immunoglobulins, Collagen and Contractile Proteins inHuman Placentae 322
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 326
REFERENCES 326
Chapter 53. Human Serum Low Density Lipoglycoproteins: Carbohydrate Composition in Health and Disease 328
INTRODUCTION 328
MATERIALS AND METHODS 328
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 329
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 332
REFERENCES 332
Chapter 54. Interaction between Plasma Proteins and the Intercellular Matrix in Human Aortic Intima 334
METHODS 334
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 335
CONCLUSIONS 337
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 337
REFERENCES 337
Chapter 55. Thermoanalytical Studies on the Intercellular Matrix of theVessel Wall 338
REFERENCES 341
Chapter 56. Studies on the Regulation of the Biosynthesis of the Intercellular Macromolecules of the Corneal Stroma 342
MATERIALS AND METHODS 342
RESULTS 343
CONCLUSIONS 345
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 345
REFERENCES 345
Chapter 57. Water — Soluble Proteins from Egg-Shell Matrices 346
1. INTRODUCTION 346
2. EXPERIMENTAL 346
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 346
4. SUMMARY 349
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 350
REFERENCES 350
Chapter 58. Pseudomyxomatous Mucin: Characterization of a Non-compatible A Blood Group Activity in the Products of Pronase Digestion 352
INTRODUCTION 352
MATERIAL AND METHODS 352
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 353
REFERENCES 354
Chapter 59. Isolation and Characterization of Structural Glycoproteins from Sponges 356
MATERIALS AND METHODS 356
RESULTS 357
CONCLUSIONS 360
REFERENCES 360
Chapter 60. Functional Role of the Macromolecules of the Intercellular Matrix in the Blood—Brain Barrier 362
CONCLUSIONS 366
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 366
REFERENCES 367
Chapter 61. Selective Cleavage of Basement Membrane Proteins at the Carboxyl Peptide Linkages of Methionine and at the Amino Peptide Linkages of Cysteine Residues 368
INTRODUCTION 368
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 369
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 375
REFERENCES 375
Chapter 62. Basement Membrane Synthesis, Accumulation and Turnover in vitro 376
ACCUMULATION OF BASEMENT MEMBRANE 376
IDENTIFICATION OF CELLS SYNTHESIZING BASEMENT MEMBRANE COLLAGEN 377
RATES OF SYNTHESIS AND TURNOVER OF BASEMENT MEMBRANE COLLAGEN 378
EFFECTS OF LATHYROGENS ON SOLUBILITY OF NEW BASEMENT MEMBRANECOLLAGEN 380
CONCLUSIONS 380
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 380
REFERENCES 380
Chapter 63. An Intercellular Component of the Nervous System 382
INTRODUCTION 382
MATERIAL AND METHODS 382
RESULTS 383
CONCLUSION 385
REFERENCES 385
Chapter 64. Primary Structure of Glycopeptide Antigenic Site Isolated from Glomerular Basement Membrane 386
INTRODUCTION 386
MATERIAL 386
METHODS 386
RESULTS 387
CONCLUSIONS 390
REFERENCES 390
Chapter 65. Possible Mechanisms of Collagen Breakdown in Higher Animals 392
INTRODUCTION 392
REFERENCES 396
Chapter 66. Collagenases from Lower Organisms 398
SUMMARY 398
REFERENCES 407
Chapter 67. The Precursor of Bone Collagenase and its Activation 410
COLLAGENASE AND PROCOLLAGENASE 410
ACTIVATION OF PROCOLLAGENASE BY LYSOSOMES (CATHEPSIN Bx), KALLIKREINAND PLASMIN 410
INVOLVEMENT OF A "PROACTIVATOR-ACTIVATOR" ENZYME SYSTEM IN THEACTIVATION OF PROCOLLAGENASE 411
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PROCOLLAGENASE AND OF ITS ACTIVATING SYSTEM 414
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 415
REFERENCES 415
Chapter 68. Existence of a Collagen Synthetase in the Microsomal Membranes of Rat Liver 418
MATERIAL AND METHODS 418
RESULTS 419
DISCUSSION 422
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 422
REFERENCES 422
Chapter 69. Collagenolytic Enzymes in Invasion Zones of Tumours 424
REFERENCES 426
Chapter 70. Induction of Collagenolytic Enzymes and Catalase in Ascites Cells Growing as Solid Invasive Tumour 428
REFERENCES 431
Chapter 71. Aortic Elastase, Its Role in the Degradation of A rterial Elas tin 432
MATERIALS AND METHODS 432
RESULTS 433
CONCLUSIONS 436
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 436
REFERENCES 436
Chapter 72. Purification and Characterization of Human Blood Platelet Elastase 438
PURIFICATION OF THE TRYPSIN INDEPENDENT ELASTASE 438
PURIFICATION OF THE TRYPSIN-DEPENDENT ELASTASE FROM THE "FIXATION PEAKS" 440
ELECTROPHORESIS STUDIES OF THE TRYPSIN-DEPENDENT ANDTRYPSIN-INDEPENDENT ELASTASES 440
ABBREVIATIONS 442
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 442
REFERENCES 443
Chapter 73. Change of Serie Inhibiting Power against Elastase in Experimental A therosclerosis 444
INTRODUCTION 444
EXPERIMENTAL 444
RESULTS 446
DISCUSSION - CONCLUSION^6"8) 448
REFERENCES 449
Chapter 74. Degradation of Chondroitin Sulphate by Lysosomal Enzymes from Embryonic Chick Cartilage 450
INTRODUCTION 450
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 450
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 454
REFERENCES 454
Chapter 75. The Possible Function of Lysozyme in Cartilage Metabolism 456
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 459
REFERENCES 459
Chapter 76. Specificity Requirements of Lysyl Oxidase 460
REFERENCES 462
SECTION B: Genetic Defects and Polymorphism of Human Plasma Proteins 464
Chapter 77. Biological and Medical Aspects of Inherited Protein Polymorphism 466
REFERENCES 471
Chapter 78. Regulation of Plasma Protein Synthesis in Cultured Embryonic Chick-liver Cells:Lack of Translational Control 472
SUMMARY 472
INTRODUCTION 472
MATERIALS AND METHODS 472
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 473
CONCLUSION 476
REFERENCES 476
Chapter 79. Post-synthetic Isomerization of Rabbit Serum Albumin 478
REFERENCES 482
Chapter 80. Plasma Albumin Polymorphism in Fowl.A System for the Study ofAlbumin Biosynthesis and Its Control 484
REFERENCES 489
Chapter 81. A nalbuminaemia 490
REFERENCES 493
Chapter 82. Alloalbumin B and its Subtypes 494
REFERENCES 495
Chapter 83. The Differential Binding of Bromophenol Blue studied insix new Propositi with Bisalbuminaemia of theAI Ge Type 496
ABSTRACT 496
REPORT 496
CONCLUSIONS 499
REFERENCES 499
Chapter 84. Simultaneous Turnover Studies of theTwo Albumin Components Alternatively Labelled with1251 and 131I in Human Bisalbuminaemia 500
INTRODUCTION 500
MATERIALS AND METHODS 500
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 503
CONCLUSIONS 503
REFERENCES 506
Chapter 85. The Pi System: Polymorphism of Alpha-1-Antitrypsin 508
REFERENCES 511
Chapter 86. Pi Typing Techniques 512
REFERENCES 514
Chapter 87. Antitryptic Activity of Alpha j-anti try psin Pi Bands in Starch Gel 516
MATERIALS AND METHODS 516
RESULTS 516
DISCUSSION 517
REFERENCES 518
Chapter 88. a ^Antitrypsin Deficiency: Pi Genotype ZO, SO and MO 520
MATERIAL AND METHODS 520
FAMILY HISTORY 520
RESULTS 520
DISCUSSION 521
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 522
REFERENCES 522
Chapter 89. Structural Differences Between Pi-Types of a1-antitrypsin 524
MATERIAL AND METHODS 524
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 525
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 528
REFERENCES 528
Chapter 90. Chemical Properties of a1 -antitrypsin 530
INTRODUCTION 530
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 530
DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD 530
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 533
REFERENCES 533
Chapter 91. The Pi System: Its Study by means of Thin-Layer-Gel Electrofocusing in Poly aery lamide Gel 534
SUMMARY 534
INTRODUCTION 534
MATERIALS AND METHODS 534
RESULTS 535
DISCUSSION 537
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 539
REFERENCES 539
Chapter 92. a1 -Antitrypsin (Pi) Phenotypes in Neonatal Liver Disease 540
HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION 540
FAMILY STUDIES 541
COMMENT 541
REFERENCES 544
Chapter 93. Genetic Complement Defects in Man 546
REFERENCES 552
Chapter 94. The Role of Complement in Immune Hemolysisin vitro and in vivo 554
REFERENCES 559
Chapter 95. Hidden C3-Variants and Diverse Phenotypes of Unconverted and Converted C3 560
SUMMARY 560
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 565
REFERENCES 565
Chapter 96. The Metabolism of Radiolabelled C3 f1251-C3) in Autoimmune Disorders 566
REFERENCES 569
Chapter 97. Critical Factors for the Immuno chemical Quantitation of theThird Complement Component C3 570
MATERIALS AND METHODS 570
RESULTS 571
DISCUSSION 571
REFERENCES 573
Chapter 98. A New Type of Very Slow C3 574
ABSTRACT 574
INTRODUCTION 574
METHODS 574
RESULTS 575
DISCUSSION 577
REFERENCES 577
Chapter 99. The Frequency of the Polymorphisms of C3 in the Swiss Population and Some Remarks on the Identification of Rare Phenotypes 578
REFERENCES 581
Chapter 100. Sources of error in C3-typing by High-voltage Agarose Gel Electrophoresis 582
REFERENCES 584
Chapter 101. C2 Deficiency in Man 586
INTRODUCTION 586
BIOCHEMICAL NATURE OF THE DEFECT 587
IN VITRO STUDIES OF COMPLEMENT MEDIATED FUNCTION 587
IN VIVO STUDIES OF COMPLEMENT MEDIATED FUNCTIONS 590
COMMENTS 591
CONCLUSIONS 592
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 593
REFERENCES 593
Chapter 102. Polymorphism of Human C6 594
INTRODUCTION 594
METHODS AND MATERIALS 594
DISCUSSION 598
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 599
REFERENCES 599
Chapter 103. Cl Deficiency in Man 600
REFERENCES 602
Chapter 104. A Modified Technique in Typing Pt Proteins 604
REFERENCES 607
Chapter 105. Structural Characterization and Genetic Variation of Haptoglobin 608
HAPTOGLOBIN POLYMORPHISM 608
RARE GENETIC VARIANTS OF HAPTOGLOBIN 611
POLYMER FORMATION OF HAPTOGLOBIN 612
HAPTOGLOBIN FROM SPECIES OTHER THAN HUMAN 613
HAPTOGLOBIN BETA CHAIN 613
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 614
REFERENCES 614
Chapter 106. Comparison of the Primary Structure of the ß-Chain of Haptoglobin with Serine Proteases 616
METHODS 616
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 618
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 620
REFERENCES 621
Chapter 107. Structural Aspects of Haemoglobin/Haptoglobin Interaction 622
INTRODUCTION 622
MATERIALS AND METHODS 622
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 622
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 625
REFERENCES 625
Chapter 108. Formation of Haptoglobin—Haemoglobin Complex inInactivated Sera 626
SUMMARY 626
REFERENCE 629
Chapter 109. Close Linkage Between LCAT (Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase) Locus and a-Haptoglobin Locus on Chromosome No. 16 630
INTRODUCTION 630
MATERIALS AND METHODS 630
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 631
REFERENCES 633
Chapter 110. Genetic Variations in Serum Lipoproteins 634
CATEGORIES OF LIPOPROTEIN VARIATION OBSERVABLE IN MAN 634
NORMAL GENETIC VARIATION IN SERUM LIPOPROTEINS 635
NORMAL LIPOPROTEIN VARIATION IN ANIMALS 637
INHERITED LIPOPROTEIN ANTIGENS AND DISEASE 637
CONCLUDING REMARKS 638
REFERENCES 639
Chapter 111. Computer Model of Lipoprotein Metabolism in Hyperlipopro tein em ia 640
REFERENCES 644
Chapter 112. Recent Progress in the Investigation of the Ag-System of Betalipoproteins 646
THE NEW FACTOR Ag(i) 646
PRESENT GENETIC CONCEPT OF THE Ag(a1 ,c,d,g,h,i,t,x,y,z) SYSTEM 648
REFERENCES 651
Chapter 113. The Relation of Artefactual and Real Polymorphism of Human Ceruloplasmin to its Polypeptide Chain and Carbohydrate Structure 652
SUBUNIT HETEROGENEITY AND ITS RELATION TO PROTEOLYTICFRAGMENTATION 652
CARBOHYDRATE STRUCTURE AND HETEROGENEITY 655
THE CERULOPLASMIN MAJOR AND MINOR FORM AND CARBOHYDRATESTRUCTURE 655
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 658
REFERENCES 658
Chapter 114. Various Types of Congenital Fibrinogen Defects 660
REFERENCES 662
Chapter 115. Urinary Fibrin Split Products in Experimental and Human Glomerulonephritis 664
METHODS, MATERIAL AND PATIENTS 664
RESULTS 665
DISCUSSION 667
REFERENCES 667
Chapter 116. Association of Typhoid Fever and Response to Vaccination with Polymorphic Systems in Man 668
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 672
REFERENCES 672
Chapter 117. On the Occurrence of a Genetically Determined "Third" Beta-Globulin 674
INTRODUCTION 674
GENETIC STUDY 674
NATURE OF THIS GLOBULIN 674
CONCLUSIONS 677
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 677
REFERENCES 677
SECTION C: Isotachophoresis 678
Chapter 118. Analytical Isotachophoresis—Principles of Separation and Detection 680
INTRODUCTION 680
SEPARATION PRINCIPLE 680
DETECTION PRINCIPLES 682
INTERPRETATION OF DETECTOR SIGNALS 683
CONCLUSIONS 686
REFERENCES 686
Chapter 119. Free Displacement Electrophoresis (Isotachophoresis) 688
SOME CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF THE METHOD 688
APPLICATIONS 688
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 691
REFERENCES 691
Chapter 120. Potential Use of Isotachophoresis in Space 692
INTRODUCTION 692
SPACE EXPERIMENTS 692
ISOTACHOPHORESIS 693
CONCLUSIONS 697
REFERENCES 697
Chapter 121. Preparative Isotachophoresis of Membrane Proteins in Solubilizing and Dissociating Media 698
ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE PROTEINS 698
MILK FAT GLOBULE MEMBRANE PROTEINS 700
BIOSPECIFIC INTERACTION IN ISOTACHOPHORESIS 700
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 702
NOTE 702
REFERENCES 702
Chapter 122. Preparative Isotachophoresis Combined with Biospecific Interaction and Neuraminidase Treatment in Purification of Human Serum Cholinesterase 704
INTRODUCTION 704
MATERIALS AND METHODS 704
RESULTS 705
DISCUSSION 708
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 708
REFERENCES 708
Chapter 123. Analytical Isotachophoresis in Capillary Tubes: Separation of Human Haemoglobin 710
INTRODUCTION 710
PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATION 710
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 712
REFERENCES 714
Chapter 124. Isotachophoresis of Human Apo-HDL Polypeptides 716
EXPERIMENTAL 716
SAMPLE PREPARATION 716
RESULTS 717
CONCLUSION 719
REFERENCES 719
Chapter 125. The Application of Steady-State Stacking to Macromolecular Fractionation by Poly aery lamide Gel Electrophoresis 720
INTRODUCTION 720
METHODS 721
RESULTS 724
DISCUSSION 731
CONCLUSION 732
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 732
REFERENCES 732
Chapter 126. Purification Control of Synthetic Pep tides by Means of Analytical Isotachophoresis 734
INTRODUCTION 734
EXPERIMENTAL 734
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 734
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 738
REFERENCES 738
Chapter 127. Conductometric Detection During Isotachophoresis 740
INTRODUCTION 740
MATERIALS AND METHOD 740
EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS 745
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 745
REFERENCES 745
Chapter 128. Isotachophoretic Studies of Adenosine Phosphates and Divalent Cations of Perfused Mouse Liver Cells 746
INTRODUCTION 746
MATERIALS AND METHODS 746
RESULTS 747
DISCUSSION 748
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 750
REFERENCES 750
Chapter 129. Isotachophoresis: A New Technique for Determination of Tissue Metabolite Concentrations 752
REFERENCES 755
Chapter 130. Analytical Isotachophoresis in capillary tubes: Preliminary study of Phenylketonuric Sera 756
INTRODUCTION 756
EXPERIMENTAL 757
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 760
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 761
REFERENCES 761
Chapter 131. Detection of Traces of Proteins by Isotachophoresis 762
INTRODUCTION 762
MATERIALS 762
METHODS 762
SAMPLES 763
RESULTS 763
CONCLUSION 766
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 766
REFERENCES 766
Author Index 768
Subject Index 770