Alzheimer's Disease

Introductions.- Development of Drugs for Alzheimer Therapy: A Decade of Progress.- Epidemiology of AD: Impact on the Treatment.- I. Neuropathologic and Genetic Basis of AD Treatment.- Neuropathological Bases of Alzheimer Disease, Implications for Treatment.- Amyloid Deposition as the Central Event in the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease.- Role of Abnormal Phosphorylation of Tau in Neurofibrillary Degeneration: Implications for Alzheimer Therapy.- Olfactory Bulb Involvement in AD: An Early Change?.- Alzheimer Disease-A Spirochetosis?.- II. Therapeutical Strategies to Arrest Production and Processing of Amyloid.- Beta Amyloid (A?) as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer's Disease.- Regulation of APP Processing by First Messengers.- In Vitro Production of Amyloid ?-Protein: A Route to the Mechanism and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Implications.- Apolipoprotein E4 and Cholinergic Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.- III. The Cholinergic System of Human Brain.- Butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's Disease.- Modulating Cholinergic Neurotransmission Through Transgenic Overexpression of Human Cholinesterases.- Structure-Function Relationships in the Binding of Reversible Inhibitors in the Active-Site Gorge of Acetylcholinesterase.- Cholinergic Changes and Synaptic Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease.- IV. Cholinesterase Inhibitors in AD Treatment.- to Cholinesterase Inhibitors Used in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.- A Pharmacodynamic Strategy to Optimize the Clinical Response to Eptastigmine (MF-201).- Eptastigmine (MF-201). A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial in Alzheimer Disease Patients.- Cognition Improvement by Oral Huperzine A: A Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor.- In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of a Dual Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase and Muscarinic Receptors, CI-1002.- Effects of Novel Cholinesterase Inhibitors Based on the Mechanism of Enzyme Inhibition.- Biochemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of MDL 73,745: A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase.- Clinical Experience with MDL 73,745; Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Clinical Tolerance in Normal Volunteers.- Galanthamine in Alzheimer's Disease.- Tacrine: An Overview of Efficacy in Two Parallel Group Studies.- Clinical Update of Velnacrine Research.- Second and Third Generation Cholinesterase Inhibitors: From Preclinical Studies to Clinical Efficacy.- Second and Third Generation Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Clinical Aspects.- V. Nicotinic Agonists as Drugs for AD Treatment.- Nicotinic Receptors in Human Brain.- Development of Nicotinic Agonists for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- The Role of Nicotinic Systems in the Cognitive Disorder of Alzheimer's Disease.- ABT-418: A Novel Cholinergic Channel Activator (ChCA) for the Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Nicotine, Catecholamines and Cognitive Enhancement.- The Subunit Specific Effects of Novel Anabaseine-Derived Nicotinic Agents.- Serotonin Depletion Decreases Therapeutic Effect of THA and Nicotine.- VI. Muscarinic Agonists: Preclinical and Clinical Approaches.- Selective Signaling Via Novel Muscarinic Agonists: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease Treatments and Clinical Update.- Selective Muscarinic Agonists for Alzheimer Disease Treatment.- Xanomeline: An Efficacious and Specific M1 Receptor Agonist-Preclinical Update.- Xanomeline, A Specific M1 Agonist: Early Clinical Studies.- CI-979/RU 35926: A Novel Muscarinic Agonist for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- VII. Drugs to Enhance Acetylcholine Synthesis and Release.- Choline Metabolism, Membrane Phospholipids, and Alzheimer's Disease.- Neurotransmitter Release Enhancement as a Possible Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Update on Linopirdine (DUP996).- VIII. Nootropic Drugs in AD Treatment.- Nootropic Drugs: The Gap Between Preclinical and Clinical Results.- Nootropic Drugs in Alzheimer Disease Treatment. New Pharmacological Strategies.- Therapeutic Efficacy of Nootropic Drugs in Alzheimer's Disease and Age Related Cognitive Dysfunction.- IX. Neurotrophins, Growth Factors, and Neuroprotection in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Toward the Repair of Cortical Synapses in Alzheimer's Disease.- Gangliosides in Alzheimer's Disease: Experimental and Clinical Data.- X. Excitatory Amino Acids, Ca++ Cellular Homeostasis, Nitric Oxide, and AD Treatment.- Excitatory Transmitter Neurotoxicity and Alzheimer's Disease.- Free Intracellular Calcium in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.- Nitric Oxide Synthase in a Lesion Model of Alzheimer's Disease.- XI. Antioxidant, Protective, and Anti-Inflammatory Agents in AD Therapy.- Antioxidant Drugs as Neuroprotective Agents.- Immune Mechanisms in Senile Plaque Formation.- Inflammatory Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.- Aluminum Chelation Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease.- In Vitro Evidence for the Use of Antioxidants in Alzheimer's Disease.- XII. Treatment of Behavioral and Gait Disturbances.- Pharmacologic Management of Agitation and Depression in Dementia.- Treatment with Serotonergic Drugs of Emotional Disturbances in Patients with Dementia Disorders.- Glutamatergic Hypoactivity in Alzheimer's Disease: Investigative and Therapeutic Perspectives.- Disturbances of Gait in Patients With Dementia.- XIII. Neurotoxic Drugs, Transgenic Animals, and Aging Primates as Models of Al) Treatment.- The Centrally Cholinodeficient Animal as a Model of Alzheimer's Disease (AD).- Role of the Carboxyterminus of the Alzheimer Amyloid Protein Precursor in Alzheimer's Disease Neurodegeneration.- Neurofilament Pathology in Animal Models for Alzheimer's Disease.- Transgenic Mice as a Model of Alzheimer's Disease.- Aged Non-Human Primates as Models of ?-Amyloidoses.- Model Studies of the Role of Anti-Neurofilament Antibodies in Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.- XIV. Use of Imaging Techniques (SPECT, MRI, PET) to Monitor the Effect of Drugs in Al) Treatment.- Use of PET Technique to Monitor Effect of Drugs in Alzheimer Disease Treatment.- Positron Emission Tomography with [11C]-Methyltacrine and [11C]-Physostigmine.- Use of SPECT in Early Diagnosis and to Monitor the Effect of Drugs in Alzheimer Disease.- Nicotinic Stimulation of Anterior Regional Cerebral Glucose Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease: Preliminary Study with Transdermal Patches.- XV. Clinical Testing of Efficacy of New Drugs in AD.- Minimal Efficacy Criteria for Medications in Alzheimer Disease.- Clinical Testing of New Drugs for Efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease.- Instruments for Measuring the Efficacy of Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease.- Psychometric Strengths and Weaknesses of the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale in Clinical Testing: Recommendations for Improvements.- Validation of Informant-Based Cognitive Assessment for Use in Autopsy.- XVI. Socio-Economic Aspects in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Socio-Economic Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease Treatment.- Autonomy in Alzheimer Disease.- Economic Analysis of Alzheimer's Disease in Outpatients: Impact of Symptom Severity.- XVII. Alzheimer Disease Treatment: The Future.- AD Treatment: The Future.- Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease.- New Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: Pleiotropic Drugs and Multifactorial Intervention.- Author Index.