Anesthesia Secrets

I. BASICS OF PATIENT MANAGEMENT 1. The Autonomic Nervous System 1 William Turner, M.D., and James Duke, M.D. 2. Oxygenation and Ventilation 5 David T. Adamson, M.D. 3. Blood Gas and Acid-Base Analysis 10 Peter Sakas, M.D., and Matt Flaherty, M.D. 4. Fluids and Electrolytes 14 Frederick M. Galloway, M.D. 5. Hemotherapy 22 Jeremy J. Katz, M.D. 6. Coagulation 28 Jeremy J. Katz, M.D. 7. Airway Management 33 James Duke, M.D. II. PHARMACOLOGY 8. Volatile Anesthetics 43 Stephan O. Fiedler, M.D. 9. Intravenous Induction Agents 47 Gladstone C. McDowell II, M.D. 10. Opioids 51 John Alden Hatheway, M.D. 11. Benzodiazepines 56 Gene Winkelmann, M.D. 12. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents 59 Douglas E. Warnecke, CRNA, M.S. 13. Local Anesthetics 63 Kevin Fitzpatrick, M.D. 14. Inotropes and Vasoactive Drugs 68 Robert F. Bossard, M.D., and Charles W. Whitten, M.D. III. PREPARING FOR ANESTHESIA 15. The Preoperative Evaluation 77 Philip A. Role, M.D., and Frederick M. Galloway, M.D. 16. Preoperative Medication 86 Jeff Nabonsal, M.D. 17. The Anesthesia Machine 90 Robert W. Phelps, Ph.D., M.D. 18. Anesthesia Circuits 99 Steven J. Luke, M.D. 19. Anesthesia Ventilators 103 Robert W. Phelps, Ph.D., M.D. 20. Vaporizers 106 Matt Flaherty, M.D. 21. Patient Positioning 109 James W. Rosher, M.D. IV. PATIENT MONITORING AND PROCEDURES 22. Electrocardiography 115 James W. Rosher, M.D. 23. Pulse Oximetry 118 Julian M. Goldman, M.D. 24. Capnography 122 Julian M. Goldman, M.D. 25. Monitoring Neuromuscular Function 125 Theresa L. Kinnard, M.D. 26. Central Venous Catheterization and Pressure Monitoring 131 Lyle E. Kirson, D.D.S. 27. Pulmonary Artery Catheterization 138 Michael B. Ochs, DO 28. Arterial Catheterization and Pressure Monitoring 143 Paige Latham, M.D., and Charles W. Whitten, M.D. V. PERIOPERATIVE PROBLEMS 29. Hypoxemia and Pulmonary Physiology 149 Jeff Nabonsal, M.D. 30. Hypercarbia 154 Teresa J. Youtz, M.D. 31. Hypotension 157 Cindy Griffiths, M.D., and Rita Agarwal, M.D. 32. Hypertension 161 Tanya Argo, M.D., and Theresa L. Kinnard, M.D. 33. Awareness During Anesthesia 165 James A. Ottevaere, M.D. 34. Cardiac Dysrhythmias 169 Kelli Lambert Weiner, M.D. 35. Temperature Monitoring and Disturbances 177 John H. Yang, M.D. 36. Postanesthetic Care and Complications 182 Roger A. Mattison, M.D. VI. ANESTHESIA AND SYSTEMIC DISEASE 37. Ischemic Heart Disease and Myocardial Infarction 189 Richard B. Allen, M.D. 38. Congestive Heart Failure 193 Richard D. Abbott, M.D. 39. Valvular Heart Disease 196 Richard B. Allen, M.D. 40. Aorto-occlusive Disease 201 Michael Leonard, M.D. 41. Cerebrovascular Insufficiency 204 Cynthia K. Hampson, M.D. 42. Reactive Airway Disease 212 Malcolm Packer, M.D. 43. Aspiration 217 Malcolm Packer, M.D. 44. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 220 Howard J. Miller, M.D. 45. Pulmonary Hypertension and Vasodilator Therapy 228 James Duke, M.D. 46. Anesthesia and Perioperative Hepatic Dysfunction 232 M. Susan Mandell, M.D., Ph.D. 47. Renal Function and Anesthesia 237 James Duke, M.D. 48. Increased Intracranial Pressure 249 William D. Sefton, M.D. 49. Muscular Disorders and Neuropathies 252 Timothy Fry, D.O. 50. Anesthetic Concerns in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury 256 Andrew A. Shultz, M.D., and Kenneth Niejadlik, M.D. 51. Anesthetic Management of Myasthenia Gravis 261 James Duke, M.D. 52. Malignant Hyperthermia 265 Lee Weiss, M.D. 53. Alcoholism 268 Andrew M. Veit, M.D. 54. Diabetes Mellitus 273 Robert H. Slover, M.D., and Robin B. Slover, M.D. 55. Thyroid and Adrenal Disease 277 Kenneth M. Swank, M.D. 56. Obesity 283 Lisa Leonard, CRNA, M.H.S., and Elizabeth Ward, CRNA 57. Anesthesia for Trauma 287 Laurel Mahonee, M.D., and Matt Flaherty, M.D. 58. Anesthesia and Burns 292 Alma N. Juels, M.D., and Philip R. Levin, M.D. VII. SPECIAL ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS 59. Neonatal Anesthesia 299 Rita Agarwal, M.D. 60. Pediatric Anesthesia 304 Rita Agarwal, M.D. 61. Fundamentals of Obstetric Anesthesia 312 Ana M. Lobo, M.D., M.P.H. 62. Obstetric Analgesia and Anesthesia 320 Ana M. Lobo, M.D., M.P.H. 63. High-Risk Obstetrics and Coexisting Disease 325 Ana M. Lobo, M.D., M.P.H. 64. The Geriatric Patient 332 David E. Strick, M.D. 65. Outpatient Anesthesia 335 Lora Manning, B.S.N., MSNA 66. Anesthesia Outside the Operating Room 339 Michael Duey, M.D., and Kevin Fitzpatrick, M.D. 67. Artificial Cardiac Pacemakers 342 Kevin Fitzpatrick, M.D. 68. Congenital Heart Disease 347 Robert H. Friesen, M.D. VIII. REGIONAL ANESTHESIA 69. Spinal Anesthesia 353 Stephanie E. May, M.S.A., CRNA 70. Epidural Analgesia and Anesthesia 357 Joy L. Hawkins, M.D. 71. Peripheral Nerve Blocks 364 David M. Glenn, M.D., and Jose M. Angel, M.D. IX. ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS IN SELECTED SURGICAL PROCEDURES 72. Cardiopulmonary Bypass 371 Michael Leonard, M.D. 73. Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tubes and One-Lung Ventilation 374 Matt Flaherty, M.D. 74. Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials and Spinal Surgery 379 Patricia A. Gottlob, M.D. 75. Deliberate Hypotension 383 Jefferson P. Mostellar, M.D. 76. Anesthesia for Craniotomy 387 Roger A. Mattison, M.D. 77. Laparoscopy 392 Donald G. Crino, M.D. 78. Transurethral Resection of the Prostate 398 Lyle E. Kirson, D.D.S. 79. Anesthetic Considerations for Laser Surgery 404 J. Todd Nilson, M.D. 80. Anesthesia for Electroconvulsive Therapy 407 Steven J. Stein, M.D., and Kevin Fitzpatrick, M.D. X. PAIN MANAGEMENT 81. Acute Pain Management 411 Robin B. Slover, M.D., and Rose A. Gates, R.N., M.S.N. 82. Chronic Pain 418 Jose M. Angel, M.D. XI. CRITICAL CARE 83. Respiratory Therapy 425 Mark Wilson, R.R.T. 84. Pulmonary Function Testing and Interpretation 429 Theresa L. Kinnard, M.D., and William V. Kinnard, M.D. 85. Modes of Mechanical Ventilation 434 Stuart G. Rosenberg, M.D. 86. Neuromuscular Blocking Agents in the Intensive Care Unit 441 Stuart G. Rosenberg, M.D. 87. Sedation in the Intensive Care Unit 444 John D. Lockrem, M.D., and James Rosher, M.D. 88. Sepsis and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome 451 John D. Lockrem, M.D. 89. ARDS 454 Paul K. Miller, M.D.