Peptide Receptors, Part I (eBook)

Cover 1
TOC$Contents 10
List of Contributors 4
Preface 8
CH$Chapter I. Somatostatin receptors 20
1. Introduction 20
2. Structural and biochemical properties 24
3. Localization of somatostatin binding sites in the central nervous system 25
4. Localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes 29
5. Somatostatin receptors in brain disorders 52
6. Perspectives 53
7. Abbreviations 53
8. Acknowledgements 54
9. References 55
CH$Chapter II. Brain PACAP/VIP receptors: regional distribution, functional properties and physiological relevance 64
1. Introduction 64
2. Distribution of VIP and PACAP receptors 65
3. Molecular cloning and pharmacological characterization of VIP/PACAP receptors 71
4. Signal transduction 77
5. Trophic actions of VIP and PACAP 79
6. Involvement of VIP/PACAP in circadian rhythms and sleep 81
7. Regulation of brain energy metabolism by VIP 82
8. Modulation by VIP and PACAP of glutamate-mediated signalling in the cerebral cortex 84
9. Abbreviations 89
10. Acknowledgements 91
11. References 92
CH$Chapter III. Localization of angiotensin receptors in the nervous system 98
1. Introduction 98
2. Localization of AT1 and AT2 receptors 101
3. Overview of AT1 receptor functions in selected brain regions 126
4. Conclusion 132
5. Abbreviations 133
6. Acknowledgements 137
7. References 137
CH$Chapter IV. Brain endothelin and natriuretic peptide receptors 144
1. Why endothelin and natriuretic receptors? 144
2. Brain endothelin receptors 144
3. Brain natriuretic peptide receptors 152
4. References 172
CH$Chapter V. Neuropeptide FF receptors 182
1. Introduction 182
2. Pharmacological activities of neuropeptide FF 182
3. Neuropeptide FF as a neurotransmitter 184
4. Neuropeptide FF receptors 185
5. Brain neuropeptide FF receptors in other species 203
6. Discussion 205
7. Abbreviations 207
8. Acknowledgements 209
9. References 209
CH$Chapter VI. Neurokinin receptors in the CNS 214
1. Introduction 214
2. Discovery of the tachykinins 214
3. Distribution of tachykinin-like immunoreactivity 215
4. Physiological functions of tachykinins 216
5. CNS neurokinin receptors 217
6. Are tachykinins mostly involved in 'volume' transmission? 248
7. Conclusion 251
8. Abbreviations 251
9.Acknowledgements 253
10. References 253
CH$Chapter VII. Brain kallikrein–kinin system: from receptors to neuronal pathways and physiological functions 260
1. Introduction 260
2. The kallikrein-kinin system 261
3. Regional distribution of the kallikrein–kinin system in the central nervous system 268
4. On the physiological role for kinins in central cardiovascular regulation 281
5. On the physiological role for kinins in the spinal cord 293
6. Other central effects of kinins 298
7. Considerations and perspectives 302
8. Conclusion 305
9. Abbreviations 306
10. Acknowledgements 307
11. References 307
CH$Chapter VIII. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), amylin and adrenomedullin: anatomical localization and biological functions in the mammalian and human brains 320
1. Discovery and genomic composition 320
2. Structure of CGRP and structure–activity relationships 323
3. Amylin 324
4. Adrenomedullin 325
5. Neuroanatomical localization 326
6. Biological activities 354
7. Conclusion and perspectives 372
8. Abbreviations 372
9. Acknowledgements 375
10. References 375
CH$Chapter IX. Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide receptor proteins and mRNAs in mammalian brains 394
1. Introduction 394
2. Biological effects of NPY and related peptides 396
3. NPY, PYY and PP receptor subtypes 397
4. Agonists and antagonists of the NPY family 401
5. NPY receptors in the rat brain 405
6. NPY receptor subtypes in other species 440
7. Interactions of NPY with various neuronal populations 456
8. Physiological and pathophysiological implications of NPY and its receptors 461
9. Conclusion 469
10. Abbreviations 470
11. Acknowledgements 474
12. References 475
CH$Chapter X . Multiple brain corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and binding protein 496
1. Introduction and historical perspectives 496
2. CRF family of peptides 496
3. Neuroanatomy of the CRF family of peptides 498
4. CRF receptors and binding protein 501
5. Summary and conclusions 524
6. Acknowledgements 524
7. References 524
IDX$Subject Index 528