Fuzzy Sets in Psychology (eBook)

Front Cover 1
Fuzzy Sets in Psychology 4
Copyright Page 5
Contents 8
Preface 6
Chapter 1. Possibility Theory, Fuzzy Logic, and Psychological Explanation 14
Has psychology inherited the wrong mathematics? 15
The nature of possibility 22
Measuring freedom and constraint 32
Weak entailment and prediction 46
Possibilism in psychological theory and research 53
References 60
Chapter 2. Quantifiers As Fuzzy Concepts 64
Quantifiers and syllogistic reasoning 65
Quantifiers and rating scales 70
Psycholinguistic studies of quantifiers 74
Overview and synthesis 76
Summary and conclusions 81
References 82
Chapter 3. A Common Framework For Colloquial Quantifiers and Probability Terms 86
Introduction 87
Fuzzy numbers and qualifiers 91
Fuzzy arithmetic as a model for reasoning 94
Context specificity of qualifiers 97
Conclusions 100
References 100
Chapter 4. An Empirical Study Of The Integration Of Linguistic Probabilities 104
Fuzzy set aggregation connectives 105
Previous empirical results 110
Method 115
Results 119
Discussion 133
References 134
Chapter 5. A Fuzzy Propositional Account Of Contextual Effects On Word Recognition 140
Contextual effects on word identification 142
An alternative paradigm 144
Experiment 1 147
Experiment 2 152
General discussion 158
Conclusion 163
references 165
Chapter 6. M-Fuzziness In Brain/Mind Modelling 168
Introduction 169
The conception of m-fuzziness 170
Possible implementation in the brain 188
On m-fuzzy relations 202
Concluding remarks 208
References 210
Chapter 7. The Weighted Fuzzy Expected Value As An Activation Function For The Parallel Distributed Processing Models 216
Introduction 217
Activation functions 221
The fuzzy expected value as activation function 223
The weighted fuzzy expected value as activation function 230
Density and orthogonality assumption 232
Comparison of weighted mean and wfev 238
Conclusion 240
References 244
Chapter 8. Fuzzy Logic With Linguistic Quantifiers: A Tool for Better Modeling Of Human Evidence Aggregation Processes? 246
Introduction 247
On some fuzzy logic based calculi of linguistically quantified propositions 250
Multiobjective decision making models based on fuzzy logic with linguistic quantifiers 254
Multistage decision making (control) models based on fuzzy logic with linguistic quantifiers 259
Group decision making models with a fuzzy majority based on fuzzy logic with linguistic quantifiers 263
Concluding remarks 272
References 273
Chapter 9. Origins, Structure, and Function Of Fuzzy Beliefs 278
Formation of fuzzy beliefs 282
Language of fuzzy beliefs 286
System of fuzzy beliefs 289
Structure of fuzzy beliefs 298
Conclusion 299
References 305
Chapter 10 Brain Activity and Fuzzy Belief 310
Introduction 311
The brain activity 313
Recalling thetext 317
Methods 319
Results 321
Discussion 325
References 328
Chapter 11. Acquisition Of Membership Functions In Mental Workload Experiments 334
Introduction 335
Structure of the experiment 337
Scale properties of data 340
Significance tests 348
Linguistic interpretation 352
Conclusions 354
References 355
Chapter 12. A Fuzzy Set Model Of Learning Disability: Identification From Clinical Data 358
Difficulty with traditional mathematics 361
The search for models 363
Learning disability - a fuzzy set 381
The process of quantification 382
Conclusions 392
References 393
Chapter 13. Towards A Fuzzy Theory Of Behaviour Management 396
Introduction 397
Reference case 402
Practitioner's operations 404
Expected subject events 405
Symbolic statement of fuzzy algorithms 419
Concluding remarks 430
References 434
Chapter 14. Practical Applications and Psychometric Evalution Of A Computerized Fuzzy Graphic Rating Scale 438
The need for fuzzy measurment in psychology 439
Fuzzy graphic rating scale 445
Evaluation of the fuzzy graphic rating scale 451
Results 453
Potential applications 458
References 463
Author Index 468
Subject Index 476