Dynamic Offset Compensated CMOS Amplifiers (eBook)

Co-author Emeritus Prof. J.H. Huijsing has (co-)authored numerous books for Springer, including the best-selling Operational Amplifiers (2000)

Preface 10
Acknowledgements 11
1 Introduction 13
1.1 Motivation 13
1.2 Offset 15
1.2.1 Drain current mismatch 16
1.2.2 Folded cascode amplifier offset 17
1.2.3 Minimizing offset 18
1.3 Challenges 19
1.4 Organisation of the book 20
1.5 References 22
2 Dynamic Offset Compensation Techniques 24
2.1 Introduction 24
2.2 Auto-zero amplifiers 25
2.2.1 Output offset storage 25
2.2.2 Input offset storage 27
2.2.3 Auxiliary amplifier 28
2.2.4 Noise in auto-zero amplifiers 30
2.3 Chopper amplifiers 34
2.3.1 Noise in chopper amplifiers 36
2.3.2 Chopped operational amplifier in a feedback network 37
2.3.3 Charge injection effects in chopper amplifiers 38
2.4 Chopped auto-zeroed amplifier 40
2.5 Switching non-idealities 42
2.5.1 Charge injection reduction tactics 44
2.5.2 Charge injection suppression circuits 47
2.6 Conclusions 51
2.7 References 51
3 Dynamic Offset Compensated Operational Amplifiers 54
3.1 Introduction 54
3.2 Ping-pong operational amplifier 55
3.3 Offset-stabilized amplifiers 56
3.3.1 Auto-zero offset-stabilized amplifiers 58
3.3.2 Chopper offset-stabilized amplifiers 59
3.3.3 Frequency compensation 61
3.3.4 Chopper stabilized amplifiers with ripple filters 66
3.3.5 Chopper and auto-zero stabilized amplifiers 69
3.4 Chopper offset-stabilized chopper amplifiers 70
3.4.1 Iterative offset-stabilization 72
3.5 Conclusions 74
3.6 References 75
4 Dynamic Offset Compensated Instrumentation Amplifiers 78
4.1 Introduction 78
4.1.1 Current-feedback instrumentation amplifiers 80
4.2 Dynamic offset compensated instrumentation amplifiers 85
4.2.1 Chopper instrumentation amplifier 86
4.2.2 Auto-zeroed instrumentation amplifier 87
4.2.3 Ping-pong instrumentation amplifier 89
4.2.4 Ping-pong-pang instrumentation amplifier 89
4.2.5 Offset-stabilized instrumentation amplifiers 90
4.2.6 Chopper offset-stabilized chopper instrumentation amplifier 93
4.3 Conclusions 93
4.4 References 93
5 Realizations of Operational Amplifiers 5 96
5.1 Introduction 96
5.2 Chopper offset-stabilized operational amplifier 97
5.2.1 Topology 97
5.2.2 Circuits 102
5.2.3 Measurement results 109
5.3 Chopper and auto-zero offset-stabilized operational amplifier 115
5.3.1 Topology 115
5.3.2 Circuits 118
5.3.3 Measurement results 123
5.4 Conclusions 126
5.5 References 127
6 Realizations of Instrumentation Amplifiers 128
6.1 Introduction 128
6.2 Low-offset indirect current-feedback instrumentation amplifier 129
6.2.1 Introduction 129
6.2.2 Topology 129
6.2.3 Circuits 133
6.2.4 Measurement results 135
6.3 High-side current-sense amplifier 140
6.3.1 Current-sensing 140
6.3.2 Topology 144
6.3.3 Circuits 149
6.3.4 Measurement results 154
6.4 Conclusions 158
6.5 References 160
7 Conclusions and Future Directions 162
7.1 Conclusions 162
7.2 Future directions 162
A Layout Issues 166
A.1 Introduction 166
A.2 Chopper layout 168
A.3 Clock shielding 171
A.4 Conclusion 173
A.5 References 173
About the Authors 174
Index 177