CCNA ICND2 640-816 Official Cert Guide
Cisco Press
978-1-58720-435-7 (ISBN)
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The new edition of bestselling CCNA ICND2 640-816 Official Cert Guide by Wendell Odom has been updated to refresh the content, add new exercises, and enhance certain topics that are key to understanding for success on the CCNA exams. Chapters on VLSM, route summarization, and IP access control lists have been completely revised. In addition the book contains new practice exercises for all three of these topics to help reinforce the concepts and increase computation speed for exam preparation.
Learn, prepare, and practice for exam success
Master CCNA ICND2 exam topics
Assess your knowledge with chapter-opening quizzes
Review key concepts with exam preparation tasks
Practice with realistic exam questions on the DVD
Learn from 60 minutes of Video mentoring
Apply concepts within Network Simulator lab exercises
CCNA ICND2 640-816 Official Cert Guide, Third Edition is a best of breed Cisco exam study guide. Best-selling author and expert instructor Wendell Odom shares preparation hints and test-taking tips, helping you identify areas of weakness and improve both your conceptual knowledge and hands-on skills. The book presents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. The master table of exam topics makes referencing easy. “Do I Know This Already?” quizzes open each chapter and enable you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Chapter-ending Exam Preparation Tasks help you drill on key concepts you must know thoroughly. A final preparation chapter guides you through tools and resources to help you craft your final study plan. Special troubleshooting sections help you master the complex scenarios you will face on the exam.
The companion DVD contains the powerful Pearson IT Certification Practice Test engine, complete with hundreds of well-reviewed, exam-realistic questions. The assessment engine offers you a wealth of customization options and reporting features, laying out a complete assessment of your knowledge to help you focus your study where it is needed most. This new edition also includes a free copy of the CCNA ICND2 640-816 Network Simulator, Lite Edition, complete with meaningful lab exercises, which help you hone your hands-on skills with the Cisco user interface for routers and switches. The DVD also contains more than 60 minutes of personal video mentoring from the author focused on subnetting.
Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging review questions and exercises, this official study guide helps you master the concepts and techniques that will enable you to succeed on the exam the first time.
CCNA ICND2 640-816 Official Cert Guide, Third Edition is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.
Wendell Odom, CCIE No. 1624, is the most respected author of Cisco networking books in the world. His past titles include books on the entry-level Cisco certifications (CCENT and CCNA), the more advanced CCNP, and the industry-renowned CCIE. His books are known for their technical depth and accuracy. Wendell has worked as a network engineer, consultant, instructor, course developer, and book author, and he has produced videos, software, and blogs related to Cisco certifications. His website with links to various study tools and resources is at www.certskills.com.
The official study guide helps you master all the topics on the CCNA ICND2 exam, including
VLANs and Spanning Tree Protocol
Static and connected routes
VLSM and route summarization
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)
Routing protocol theory
OSPF and EIGRP
Troubleshooting
Point-to-point WANS and Frame Relay
Frame Relay
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
Network Address Translation (NAT)
IPv6
Companion DVD
The DVD contains two free, complete ICND2 practice exams and two free, full CCNA practice exams, CCNA ICND2 Network Simulator, Lite Edition, and 60 minutes of video training.
Includes Exclusive Offer for 70% Off Premium Edition eBook and Practice Test.
Pearson IT Certification Practice Test minimum system requirements:
Windows XP (SP3), Windows Vista (SP2), or Windows 7; Microsoft .NET Framework 4.0 Client; Microsoft SQL Server Compact 4.0; Pentium class 1GHz processor (or equivalent); 512 MB RAM; 650 MB disc space plus 50 MB for each downloaded practice exam
This volume is part of the Official Cert Guide Series from Cisco Press. Books in this series provide officially developed exam preparation materials that offer assessment, review, and practice to help Cisco Career Certification candidates identify weaknesses, concentrate their study efforts, and enhance their confidence as exam day nears.
Wendell Odom, CCIE No. 1624, has been in the networking industry since 1981. He has worked as a network engineer, consultant, systems engineer, instructor, and course developer; he currently works writing and creating certification tools. He is author of all the previous editions of the Cisco Press CCNA Official Certification Guide series, as well as the CCNP ROUTE 642-902 Official Certification Guide, the CCIE Routing and Switching Official Certification Guide, Computer Networking First Step, the CCNA Video Mentor, IP Networking (a college textbook), and he is the primary networking consultant for the CCNA 640-802 Network Simulator from Pearson. He maintains study tools, links to his blogs, and other resources at www.certskills.com.
Introduction xxv
Part I: LAN Switching 3
Chapter 1 Virtual LANs 5
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 5
Foundation Topics 9
Virtual LAN Concepts 10
Trunking with ISL and 802.1Q 11
IP Subnets and VLANs 15
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) 16
VLAN and VLAN Trunking Configuration and Verification 23
Creating VLANs and Assigning Access VLANs to an Interface 24
VLAN Trunking Configuration 29
Securing VLANs and Trunking 37
VTP Configuration and Verification 38
Using VTP: Configuring Servers and Clients 38
Caveats When Moving Away from Default VTP Configuration 42
Avoiding VTP: Configuring Transparent Mode 43
Troubleshooting VTP 44
Exam Preparation Tasks 53
Review All the Key Topics 53
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 54
Definitions of Key Terms 54
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 54
Chapter 2 Spanning Tree Protocol 57
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 57
Foundation Topics 61
Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1d) 61
The Need for Spanning Tree 61
What IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Does 63
How Spanning Tree Works 65
Optional STP Features 75
Rapid STP (IEEE 802.1w) 78
RSTP Link and Edge Types 79
RSTP Port States 80
RSTP Port Roles 81
RSTP Convergence 82
Edge-Type Behavior and PortFast 83
STP Configuration and Verification 86
Multiple Instances of STP 87
Configuration Options That Influence the Spanning Tree Topology 88
Verifying Default STP Operation 90
Configuring STP Port Costs and Switch Priority 92
Configuring PortFast and BPDU Guard 95
Configuring EtherChannel 95
Configuring RSTP 97
STP Troubleshooting 98
Determining the Root Switch 99
Determining the Root Port on Nonroot Switches 100
Determining the Designated Port on Each LAN Segment 102
STP Convergence 104
Exam Preparation Tasks 105
Review All the Key Topics 105
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 106
Definitions of Key Terms 106
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 106
Chapter 3 Troubleshooting LAN Switching 109
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 109
Foundation Topics 110
Generalized Troubleshooting Methodologies 110
Analyzing and Predicting Normal Network Operation 111
Problem Isolation 114
Root Cause Analysis 115
Real World Versus the Exams 116
Troubleshooting the LAN Switching Data Plane 117
An Overview of the Normal LAN Switch Forwarding Process 117
Step 1: Confirm the Network Diagrams Using CDP 119
Step 2: Isolate Interface Problems 121
Step 3: Isolate Filtering and Port Security Problems 127
Step 4: Isolate VLAN and Trunking Problems 132
Example: Troubleshooting the Data Plane 136
Predicting Normal Operation of the LAN Switching Data Plane 147
PC1 Broadcast in VLAN 1 147
Forwarding Path: Unicast from R1 to PC1 151
Exam Preparation Tasks 155
Review All the Key Topics 155
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 155
Part II: IP Routing 157
Chapter 4 IP Routing: Static and Connected Routes 159
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 159
Foundation Topics 162
IP Routing and Addressing 162
IP Routing 162
IP Addressing and Subnetting 166
DNS, DHCP, ARP, and ICMP 171
Fragmentation and MTU 173
Routes to Directly Connected Subnets 175
Secondary IP Addressing 175
Supporting Connected Routes to Subnet Zero 177
ISL and 802.1Q Configuration on Routers 178
Static Routes 180
Configuring Static Routes 182
The Extended ping Command 183
Static Default Routes 186
Default Route Summary 190
Classful and Classless Routing 190
Exam Preparation Tasks 194
Review All the Key Topics 194
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 194
Definitions of Key Terms 195
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 195
Chapter 5 Variable Length Subnet Masks 199
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 199
Foundation Topics 202
VLSM Concepts and Configuration 202
Classless and Classful Routing Protocols 203
VLSM Configuration and Verification 204
Finding VLSM Overlaps 205
An Example of Finding a VLSM Overlap 206
Practice Finding VLSM Overlaps 208
Adding a New Subnet to an Existing VLSM Design 208
An Example of Adding a New VLSM Subnet 209
Practice Adding New VLSM Subnets 211
Designing a Subnetting Plan Using VLSM 211
Choosing VLSM Masks 212
Assigning the Largest Subnet IDs First 213
An Example of VLSM Subnet Design 215
Summary of the Formal VLSM Subnet Design Process 217
Practice Designing VLSM Subnets 218
Exam Preparation Tasks 219
Review All the Key Topics 219
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 219
Definitions of Key Terms 219
Read Appendix G Scenarios 220
Appendix D Practice Problems 220
Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 220
Answers to Practice Finding VLSM Overlaps 220
Answers to Practice Adding VLSM Subnets 221
Answers to Practice Designing VLSM Subnets 224
Chapter 6 Route Summarization 227
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 228
Foundation Topics 230
Manual Route Summarization 230
Understanding Route Summarization Concepts 230
Verifying Manually Summarized Routes 232
Configuring Manually Summarized Routes 233
Choosing the Best Summary Routes 235
Practice Choosing the Best Summary Routes 238
Autosummarization and Discontiguous Classful Networks 239
An Example of Autosummarization 240
Discontiguous Classful Networks 241
Autosummarization Support and Configuration 243
Review All the Key Topics 245
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 245
Definitions of Key Terms 245
Read Appendix G Scenarios 245
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 246
Answers to Practice Problems 246
Problem 1 246
Problem 2 247
Problem 3 247
Problem 4 248
Chapter 7 Basic IP Access Control Lists 251
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 251
Foundation Topics 254
IP Access Control List Basics 254
ACL Locations 254
Matching Packets 255
Taking Action When a Match Occurs 256
Types of IP ACLs 256
Standard Numbered IPv4 ACLs 257
List Logic with IP ACLs 258
Matching Logic and Command Syntax 260
Implementing Standard IP ACLs 264
Practice Applying Standard IP ACLs 268
Practice Building access-list Commands 268
Reverse Engineering from ACL to Address Range 269
Exam Preparation Tasks 271
Review All the Key Topics 271
Read the Appendix G Scenarios 271
Definitions of Key Terms 271
Appendix F Practice Problems 272
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 272
Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 273
Chapter 8 Advanced IP Access Control Lists 275
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 276
Foundation Topics 278
Extended Numbered IP Access Control Lists 278
Matching the Protocol, Source IP, and Destination IP 278
Matching TCP and UDP Port Numbers 280
Extended IP ACL Configuration 283
Practice Building access-list Commands 288
Named ACLs and ACL Editing 288
Named IP Access Lists 288
Editing ACLs Using Sequence Numbers 291
Miscellaneous ACL Topics 294
Controlling Telnet and SSH Access with ACLs 295
ACL Implementation Considerations 295
Reflexive Access Lists 297
Dynamic ACLs 299
Time-Based ACLs 300
Exam Preparation Tasks 301
Review All the Key Topics 301
Read the Appendix G Scenarios 301
Definitions of Key Terms 302
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 302
Answers to Earlier Practice Problems 303
Chapter 9 Troubleshooting IP Routing 305
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 305
Foundation Topics 306
The ping and traceroute Commands 306
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) 306
The traceroute Command 312
Troubleshooting the Packet Forwarding Process 314
Isolating IP Routing Problems Related to Hosts 314
Isolating IP Routing Problems Related to Routers 316
Troubleshooting Tools and Tips 324
Host Routing Tools and Perspectives 324
show ip route Reference 326
Interface Status 328
VLSM Issues 328
Discontiguous Networks and Autosummary 333
Access List Troubleshooting Tips 334
Exam Preparation Tasks 337
Review All the Key Topics 337
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 337
Definitions of Key Terms 337
Part III: Routing Protocols 339
Chapter 10 Routing Protocol Theory 341
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 341
Foundation Topics 345
Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview 345
Routing Protocol Functions 346
Interior and Exterior Routing Protocols 347
Comparing IGPs 349
Administrative Distance 352
Distance Vector Routing Protocol Features 354
The Concept of a Distance and a Vector 354
Distance Vector Operation in a Stable Network 355
Distance Vector Loop Prevention 356
Distance Vector Summary 368
Link-State Routing Protocol Features 369
Building the Same LSDB on Every Router 369
Applying Dijkstra SPF Math to Find the Best Routes 371
Convergence with Link-State Protocols 373
Summary and Comparisons to Distance Vector Protocols 373
Exam Preparation Tasks 375
Review All the Key Topics 375
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 376
Definitions of Key Terms 376
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 376
Chapter 11 OSPF 379
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 379
Foundation Topics 383
OSPF Protocols and Operation 383
OSPF Neighbors 383
OSPF Topology Database Exchange 388
Building the IP Routing Table 392
Scaling OSPF Through Hierarchical Design 393
OSPF Configuration 397
OSPF Single-Area Configuration 398
OSPF Configuration with Multiple Areas 400
Configuring the OSPF Router ID 402
OSPF Hello and Dead Timers 403
OSPF Metrics (Cost) 405
OSPF Authentication 406
OSPF Load Balancing 408
Exam Preparation Tasks 409
Review All the Key Topics 409
Definitions of Key Terms 410
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 410
Chapter 12 EIGRP 413
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 413
Foundation Topics 416
EIGRP Concepts and Operation 416
EIGRP Neighbors 416
Exchanging EIGRP Topology Information 417
Calculating the Best Routes for the Routing Table 418
EIGRP Convergence 421
EIGRP Summary and Comparisons with OSPF 424
EIGRP Configuration and Verification 425
Basic EIGRP Configuration 426
EIGRP Metrics, Successors, and Feasible Successors 428
EIGRP Authentication 433
EIGRP Maximum Paths and Variance 435
Tuning the EIGRP Metric Calculation 437
Exam Preparation Tasks 439
Review All the Key Topics 439
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 439
Definitions of Key Terms 440
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 440
Chapter 13 Troubleshooting Routing Protocols 443
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 443
Foundation Topics 444
Perspectives on Troubleshooting Routing Protocol Problems 444
Interfaces Enabled with a Routing Protocol 446
Neighbor Relationships 454
EIGRP Neighbor Requirements 455
OSPF Neighbor Requirements 457
Exam Preparation Tasks 464
Review All the Key Topics 464
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 464
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 464
Part IV: Wide-Area Networks 467
Chapter 14 Point-to-Point WANs 469
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 469
Foundation Topics 472
PPP Concepts 472
The PPP Protocol Field 472
PPP Link Control Protocol (LCP) 473
PPP Configuration 478
Basic PPP Configuration 478
CHAP Configuration and Verification 479
PAP Configuration 480
Troubleshooting Serial Links 480
Troubleshooting Layer 1 Problems 482
Troubleshooting Layer 2 Problems 483
Troubleshooting Layer 3 Problems 486
Exam Preparation Tasks 489
Review All the Key Topics 489
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 489
Definitions of Key Terms 489
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 490
Chapter 15 Frame Relay Concepts 493
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 493
Foundation Topics 497
Frame Relay Overview 497
Frame Relay Standards 500
Virtual Circuits 500
LMI and Encapsulation Types 503
Frame Relay Addressing 505
Frame Relay Local Addressing 506
Frame Forwarding with One DLCI Field 507
Frame Relay Global Addressing (DLCIs) 509
Network Layer Concerns with Frame Relay 511
Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: One Subnet Containing All Frame Relay DTEs 511
Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: One Subnet Per VC 512
Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: Hybrid Approach 514
Layer 3 Broadcast Handling 515
Controlling Speed and Discards in the Frame Relay Cloud 516
FECN and BECN 517
The Discard Eligibility (DE) Bit 518
Exam Preparation Tasks 519
Review All the Key Topics 519
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 519
Definitions of Key Terms 520
Chapter 16 Frame Relay Configuration 523
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 523
Foundation Topics 527
Frame Relay Configuration and Verification 527
Planning a Frame Relay Configuration 527
A Fully Meshed Network with One IP Subnet 529
Configuring the Encapsulation and LMI 531
Frame Relay Address Mapping 532
A Partially Meshed Network with One IP Subnet Per VC 537
A Partially Meshed Network with Some Fully Meshed Parts 543
Frame Relay Troubleshooting 547
A Suggested Frame Relay Troubleshooting Process 547
Layer 1 Issues on the Access Link (Step 1) 549
Layer 2 Issues on the Access Link (Step 2) 549
PVC Problems and Status (Step 3) 551
Frame Relay Mapping Issues (Step 4) 558
End-to-End Encapsulation (Step 5) 559
Mismatched Subnet Numbers (Step 6) 559
Exam Preparation Tasks 560
Review All the Key Topics 560
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 560
Read the Appendix G Scenarios 560
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 561
Chapter 17 Virtual Private Networks 565
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 565
Foundation Topics 568
VPN Fundamentals 568
IPsec VPNs 571
IPsec Encryption 572
IPsec Key Exchange 573
IPsec Authentication and Message Integrity 574
The ESP and AH Security Protocols 576
IPsec Implementation Considerations 577
SSL VPNs 578
Exam Preparation Tasks 580
Review All the Key Topics 580
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 580
Definitions of Key Terms 580
Part V: Scaling the IP Address Space 583
Chapter 18 Network Address Translation 585
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 585
Foundation Topics 589
Perspectives on IPv4 Address Scalability 589
CIDR 590
Private Addressing 592
Network Address Translation Concepts 593
Static NAT 593
Dynamic NAT 596
NAT Configuration and Troubleshooting 602
Static NAT Configuration 602
Dynamic NAT Configuration 604
NAT Overload (PAT) Configuration 608
NAT Troubleshooting 611
Exam Preparation Tasks 613
Review All the Key Topics 613
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 613
Definitions of Key Terms 614
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 614
Chapter 19 IP Version 6 617
“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 617
Foundation Topics 620
Global Unicast Addressing, Routing, and Subnetting 621
Global Route Aggregation for Efficient Routing 622
Conventions for Representing IPv6 Addresses 624
Conventions for Writing IPv6 Prefixes 625
Global Unicast Prefix Assignment Example 628
Subnetting Global Unicast IPv6 Addresses Inside an Enterprise 630
Prefix Terminology 632
IPv6 Protocols and Addressing 633
DHCP for IPv6 633
IPv6 Host Address Assignment 634
Discovering the Default Router with NDP 639
Learning the IP Address(es) of DNS Servers 639
IPv6 Addresses 640
Summary of IP Protocols and Addressing 643
Configuring IPv6 Routing and Routing Protocols 644
IPv6 Routing Protocols 644
IPv6 Configuration 645
IPv6 Transition Options 649
IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stacks 649
Tunneling 649
Translating Between IPv4 and IPv6 with NAT-PT 651
Transition Summary 652
Exam Preparation Tasks 653
Review All the Key Topics 653
Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 654
Definitions of Key Terms 654
Command Reference to Check Your Memory 654
Part VI: Final Preparation 657
Chapter 20 Final Preparation 659
Tools for Final Preparation 659
Pearson Cert Practice Test Engine and Questions on the DVD 659
The Cisco Learning Network 662
Subnetting Preparation Tools 662
Scenarios 663
Study Plan 663
Recall the Facts 664
Practice Subnetting 664
Build Troubleshooting Skills Using Scenarios 665
Studying for ICND2 640-816 or CCNA 640-802 666
Summary 667
Part VII: Part VII: Appendices 669
Appendix A Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quizzes 671
Appendix B Numeric Reference Tables 684
Appendix C ICND2 Exam Updates: Version 1.0 692
Glossary 696
Part VIII: DVD-Only
Appendix D Practice for Chapter 5: Variable Length Subnet Masks
Appendix E Practice for Chapter 6: Route Summarization
Appendix F Practice for Chapter 7: Basic IP Access Control Lists
Appendix G Additional Scenarios
Appendix H Video Scenario Reference
Appendix I ICND1 Chapter 23: WAN Configuration
Appendix J Memory Tables
Appendix K Memory Tables Answer Key
Appendix L ICND2 Open-Ended Questions
TOC, 9781587204357, 8/26, 2011
| Erscheint lt. Verlag | 19.10.2011 |
|---|---|
| Verlagsort | Indianapolis |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Maße | 194 x 238 mm |
| Gewicht | 1514 g |
| Themenwelt | Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Datenbanken |
| Mathematik / Informatik ► Informatik ► Netzwerke | |
| Informatik ► Weitere Themen ► Zertifizierung | |
| ISBN-10 | 1-58720-435-5 / 1587204355 |
| ISBN-13 | 978-1-58720-435-7 / 9781587204357 |
| Zustand | Neuware |
| Haben Sie eine Frage zum Produkt? |
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