A Companion to Assyria

Eckart Frahm is Professor of Assyriology at Yale University, USA. His primary scholarly interest is the political and intellectual history of Assyria and Babylonia during the first millennium BCE. Frahm is the author of five books: Einleitung in die Sanherib-Inschriften (1997), Historische und historisch-literarische Texte aus Assur (2009), Neo-Babylonian Letters and Contracts from the Eanna Archive (co-authored with Michael Jursa, 2011), Babylonian and Assyrian Text Commentaries: Origins of Interpretation (2011), and Geschichte des alten Mesopotamien (2013). Together with Enrique Jimenez and Mary Frazer, he is currently working on a project to publish a large number of Mesopotamian commentaries both in print and online.

Notes on Contributors viii Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 Eckart Frahm Part I Geography and History 11 1 Physical and Cultural Landscapes of Assyria 13 Jason Ur 2 Assyria in the Third Millennium bce 36 Lauren Ristvet 3 The Old Assyrian Period (20th 18th Century bce) 57 Klaas R. Veenhof 4 Economy, Society, and Daily Life in the Old Assyrian Period 80 Cecile Michel 5 The Transition Period (17th to 15th Century bce) 108 Shigeo Yamada 6 The Middle Assyrian Period (14th to 11th Century bce) 117 Stefan Jakob 7 Economy, Society, and Daily Life in the Middle Assyrian Period 143 Stefan Jakob 8 The Neo?-Assyrian Period (ca. 1000 609 bce) 161 Eckart Frahm 9 Economy, Society, and Daily Life in the Neo?-Assyrian Period 209 Karen Radner 10 Post?-Imperial Assyria 229 Stefan R. Hauser Part II The Fringes of Empire: Assyria and its Neighbors 247 11 Assyria and the North: Anatolia 249 Andreas Fuchs 12 Assyria and the East: Western Iran and Elam 259 Andreas Fuchs 13 Assyria and the West: Syria and the Levant 268 Ariel M. Bagg 14 Assyria and the Far West: The Aegean World 275 Robert Rollinger 15 Assyria and the South: Babylonia 286 Eckart Frahm 16 Assyria and the Far South: The Arabian Peninsula and the Persian Gulf 299 Eckart Frahm Part III Elements of Assyrian Civilization 311 17 Languages and Writing Systems in Assyria 313 Mikko Luukko and Greta Van Buylaere 18 Assyrian Religion 336 Stefan M. Maul 19 Assyrian Literature 359 Alasdair Livingstone 20 Assyrian Scholarship and Scribal Culture in Ashur 368 Nils P. Heessel 21 Assyrian Scholarship and Scribal Culture in Kalhu and Nineveh 378 Jeanette C. Fincke 22 Assyrian Legal Traditions 398 Frederick Mario Fales 23 Assyrian Cities and Architecture 423 John M. Russell 24 Assyrian Art 453 John M. Russell 25 Assyrian Technology 511 Ariel M. Bagg 26 Assyrian Warfare 522 Stephanie Dalley 27 Thoughts on the Assyrian Empire and Assyrian Kingship 534 Mario Liverani Part IV The Afterlife and Rediscovery of Assyria 547 28 Assyria in Late Babylonian Sources 549 Paul?]Alain Beaulieu 29 Assyria in the Hebrew Bible 556 Eckart Frahm 30 Assyria in Classical Sources 570 Robert Rollinger 31 The Archaeological Exploration of Assyria 583 Mogens Trolle Larsen 32 Assyrian Christians 599 Aaron Michael Butts List of Assyrian Kings 613 Eckart Frahm Index 617