Islamization in Modern South Asia (eBook)

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David Emmanuel Singh, Oxford Centre for Mission Studies, UK.

Introduction 11
Studies on Ethnic Muslims 12
Studies on Muslim Gujjars 15
Theoretical Considerations 21
Chapter One: The Deoband School 26
Introduction 26
The Deoband School 27
Dar al-‘ulum, Deoband 28
Tablighi Jama‘at 35
Deoband among Ahl-e Hadith and Barelwis 40
The Deoband School in the Gujjar area 45
Conclusions 50
Chapter Two: The Van Gujjars 51
Introduction 51
Origins 51
Demographic Profile 59
Gujjars as part of a wider ethnic group 59
Religion-Islam 62
The Gujjars in Uttarakhand 66
The Context of Uttarakhand 66
The Gujjar in Uttarakhand 69
Contact with Rulers 73
Rajaji National Park 79
Conservation issues 79
The National Park 80
The Gujjars in RNP 83
Conclusion 87
Chapter three: The Gujjar ‘Indigeneity’ 89
Introduction 89
Discourse on Adivasis 90
NGO’s Vision for Gujjars 94
RLEK and the ‘tribal’ identity of the Gujjars 95
Religious Practice and Alleged ‘Fundamentalism’ 108
Community Forest Management 111
Other Actors 118
Conclusion 133
Chapter Four: Deobandi Islamization 134
Introduction 134
Contact with the Deoband School 135
Partnership 139
Deobandi Description of the Gujjars 143
Strategies for Outreach 148
Itinerant preaching 149
Teaching-Learning in Madrasas 155
Full-time resident teachers 164
Learning on the job 170
Madrasa education 175
Conclusion 179
Chapter Five: The Gujjar Response 181
Introduction 181
Response to Deoband 181
Knowledge and Practice of Islam 182
Practice 183
Beliefs 188
Popular Islam 192
Traditional Culture 200
Temporal Genealogy: Rajput Gotra 209
Strategic Contact 217
Comparison with the Meos 221
Conclusion 227
Concluding Discussion 228
Conclusions 228
Implications 231
Islam and Integration 231
Gujjarism and Integration 234
Spheres and Contact Zones 237
Islamization as Socialization 238
Diversity and Hybridity 239
Social Re-structuring 242
Bibliography 246
Primary Sources 246
Secondary Sources 248
Appendices 286
Appendix I 286
Appendix II 301
Appendix III 314
Appendix IV 321
Appendix V: Maps 333
Subject Index 337
People/Organisations Index 341
Place Index 343